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. 2022 Jan 7;15(1):e246904. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2021-246904

Table 1.

Postoperative fever aetiologies by timeframe

Immediate (within hours) Early (days 1–3) Late (days 4–30)

  • Immune-mediated reactions

  • Malignant hyperthermia

  • Pre-existing infection

  • Transient bacteraemia

  • Stress-mediated inflammation surgery

  • Trauma or burn-mediated inflammation

  • Infections: surgical site, urinary tract, pneumonia

  • Atelectasis

  • Venous thromboembolism

  • Alcohol withdrawal

  • Acute gout

  • Thyrotoxicosis

  • Adrenal insufficiency

  • Infections: surgical site, catheter-related, deep tissue, nosocomial

  • Antibiotic-associated

  • Drug-induced

  • Venous thromboembolism

  • Pulmonary embolism

  • Thrombophlebitis