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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Opin Virol. 2020 Dec 17;47:1–8. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2020.11.002

Figure 1: Upf1-dependent decay and targeting of viral mRNAs.

Figure 1:

(A) Upf1 is essential for nonsense-mediated decay (NMD), Staufen1-mediated decay (SMD) and structure-mediated RNA decay (SRD). Upf1 associates with the 3’ UTRs of viral and host 3’ UTRs and can initiate NMD. Stau1 binds dsRNA structures in the 3’ UTRs of mRNAs and recruits Upf1 for subsequent SMD. G3BP1 binds highly structured regions in conjunction with Upf1 to target mRNAs or non-coding circRNAs for SRD. (B) All viruses produce mRNAs that are potential targets of Upf1. Most viruses that are known to be targeted by Upf1 are +ssRNA viruses. IAV (-ssRNA) is targeted by Upf1 and SMD. dsDNA viruses produce mRNAs that are targeted by NMD. *CaMV interferes with NMD, but direct evidence of susceptibility of viral RNAs towards NMD is lacking.