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. 2021 Dec 31;19(1):408. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19010408

Table 1.

Weighted sociodemographic characteristics of adults with COPD.

Variable COPD = No COPD = Yes X2
Weighted N 456,191,448 53,115,718 (p Value)
Gender 134.2
(p < 0.001)
Male 44.4% 36.8%
Female 55.6% 63.2%
Age 723.2
(p < 0.001)
18–25 years 20.7% 11.0%
26–34 years 14.6% 10.0%
35–49 years 26.6% 25.2%
50–64 years 18.7% 25.0%
≥65 years 19.3% 28.8%
Educational attainment 490.2
(p < 0.001)
High school or less 11.9% 11.9%
High school graduate 25.6% 31.3%
Some college 24.0% 25.9%
Associate degree 10.2% 9.5%
College or higher graduate 28.3% 17.1%
Race 391.7
(p < 0.001)
White 64.4% 74.7%
Black 13.6% 9.3%
Hispanic 13.1% 8.1%
Asian 3.5% 1.2%
Others 1.8% 1.9%
Multiracial 3.6% 4.8%
Income 587.8
(p < 0.001)
<$20,000 19.3% 28.7%
$20,000–$49,999 30.9% 36.0%
$50,000–$74,999 16.1% 14.5%
≥$75,000 33.7% 20.8%
Last-month serious 279.4
(p < 0.001)
psychological distress
No 91.0% 84.5%
Yes 9.0% 15.5%