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. 2021 Dec 31;19(1):435. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19010435

Table 4.

Chi-square test of association between employer type and mental health variables.

Variables Employer p-Value Chi-
Square
Effect Size
Phi/Cramer’s V
Overall
School Board Other Employment
Have received a Mental Health Diagnosis
Yes 38 (43.7%) 53 (60.9%) 91 (52.3%)
No 49 (56.3%) 34 (39.1%) 0.033 5.183 0.173 83 (47.7%)
Have been diagnosed with Depression
Yes 19 (21.8%) 35 (40.2%) 54 (31.0%)
No 68 (78.2%) 52 (59.8%) 0.014 6.874 0.199 120 (69.0%)
Have been diagnosed with Anxiety
Yes 32 (36.8%) 42 (48.3%) 74 (42.5%)
No 55 (63.2%) 45 (51.7%) 0.167 2.351 0.116 100 (57.5)
Currently taking antidepressants
Yes 26 (29.9%) 28 (32.2%) 54 (31.0%)
No 61 (70.1%) 59 (67.8%) 0.870 0.107 0.025 120 (69.0%)
Currently taking sleeping tablets
Yes 8 (9.2%) 9 (10.3%) 17 (9.8%)
No 79 (90.8%) 78 (89.7%) 1.000 0.65 0.019 157 (90.2%)
Received Mental health counselling in the past year
Yes 25 (28.7%) 38 (43.7%) 63 (36.2%)
No 62 (71.3%) 49 (56.3%) 0.058 4.205 0.155 111 (63.8%)
Would like to receive mental health counselling
Yes 40 (46.0%) 49 (56.3%) 89 (51.1%)
No 47 (54.0%) 38 (43.7%) 0.225 1.863 0.103 85 (48.9%)
Resilience
High to normal resilience 51 (65.4%) 53 (64.6%) 104 (65.0%)
Low resilience 27 (34.6%) 29 (35.4%) 1.000 0.010 0.008 56 (35.0%)
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
MDD Unlikely 49 (64.5%) 42 (51.2%) 91 (57.6%)
MDD Likely 27 (35.5%) 40 (48.8%) 0.108 2.837 0.134 67 (42.4%)
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
GAD Unlikely 50 (66.7%) 44 (53.7%) 0.106 2.759 0.133 94 (59.9%)
GAD Likely 25 (33.3%) 38 (46.3%) 63 (40.1%)
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
PTSD Unlikely 54 (72.0%) 44 (55.0%) 98 (63.2%)
PTSD Likely 21 (28.0%) 36 (45.0%) 0.031 4.811 0.176 57 (36.8%)