Table 1.
Descriptive statistics.
| Abbr. | Items | N | Min. | Max. | M | S.D | Skewness | Kurtosis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Social loafing (Price et al., 2006) | ||||||||
| Soc_loaf_1: | I left my work to others to do. | 447 | 1 | 5 | 4.12 | 0.942 | −1.365 | 1.048 |
| Soc_loaf_2: | I claimed there were other things to do when others need help. | 447 | 1 | 5 | 4.21 | 0.769 | −0.939 | 1.190 |
| Soc_loaf_3: | I avoided work and responsibility. | 447 | 1 | 5 | 4.15 | 0.900 | −1.320 | 1.274 |
| Soc_loaf_4: | I loafed on my share of tasks. | 447 | 1 | 5 | 4.10 | 0.917 | −1.261 | 1.947 |
| Distributive injustice (Colquitt 2001) | ||||||||
| D_Injustice1: | The outcome process does not reflect the effort I have put into my work. | 447 | 1 | 5 | 3.89 | 0.972 | −0.727 | 0.239 |
| D_Injustice2: | The outcome process is inappropriate for the work I completed. | 447 | 1 | 5 | 3.95 | 0.901 | −0.842 | 0.464 |
| D_Injustice3: | The outcome process does not reflect what I have contributed to the organization. | 447 | 1 | 5 | 4.06 | 0.928 | −0.842 | 0.220 |
| D_Injustice4: | The outcome process is unjustified, given my performance. | 447 | 1 | 5 | 3.95 | 0.920 | −0.851 | 0.363 |
| Turnover intention (Singh et al., 1996; Karatepe, 2009; Elshaer & Saad, 2017) | ||||||||
| Turn_Intn_1: | I often think about leaving that career. | 447 | 1 | 5 | 4.00 | 1.075 | −1.094 | 0.525 |
| Turn_Intn_2: | It would not take much to make me leave this career. | 447 | 1 | 5 | 3.99 | 1.079 | −1.149 | 0.722 |
| Turn_Intn_3: | I will probably be looking for another career soon. | 447 | 1 | 5 | 3.99 | 1.081 | −1.057 | 0.379 |
| Job insecurity (Höge et al., 2012; Spurk et al., 2016) | ||||||||
| Job _Insec_1 | I am not sure whether I shall achieve my career aims. | 447 | 1 | 5 | 4.16 | 0.962 | −1.561 | 1.655 |
| Job _Insec_2 | I consider my professional development to be insecure. | 447 | 1 | 5 | 4.25 | 0.821 | −1.239 | 1.537 |
| Job _Insec_3 | It is difficult for me to plan my professional future. | 447 | 1 | 5 | 4.21 | 0.854 | −1.338 | 1.295 |
| Job _Insec_4 | I often wonder how my career will develop. | 447 | 1 | 5 | 4.24 | 0.844 | −1.445 | 1.639 |