Figure 2: Strategies for Ad Transductional Targeting of B Cells.

Adenoviral cell entry involves interactions of the Ad fiber knob with cell surface receptors. B cell targeting using an Ad vector requires ablation of tropism for its native receptor and incorporation of a targeting moiety into the knob that can redirect binding to a B cell surface receptor. This can be accomplished using a fiber-fibritin chimera fused to a novel knob epitope. Strategies to target B cells include modifying the knob to incorporate: (i) a B cell specific natural ligand, (ii) a B cell specific single domain antibody, (iii) a peptide with B cell affinity, and (iv) an alternative Ad serotype or xenotype knob.