ABL	Acetylbritannilactone
AD	Alzheimer’s disease
AGO-2	Argonaute 2
ALS	Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis;
ANXA-2	Annexin-2
Aβ	Beta-amyloid peptide
BACE1	β-site APP cleaving enzyme
BACH1	BTB Domain And CNC Homolog 1
BBB	Blood–brain barrier
BDMs	Blood-derived monocytes
CAPE	Caffeic acid phenethyl ester
CAY10512	1-fluoro-2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-ethenyl]-benzene
CFH	Complement factor H
CLDN-1	Claudin-1
CNS	Central nervous system
CSF	Cerebrospinal fluid
CXCL10	C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 10
DGCR8	DiGeorge Syndrome Critical Region Gene 8
DMF	Dimethylfumarate
DOCK-1	Dedicator of cytokinesis 1
EAE	Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
ECF	Extracellular fluid
ECM	Extracellular matrix
EMVs	Endothelial microvesicles
GA	Glatiramer acetate
GLGZD	GualouGuizhi decoction
H2S	Hydrogen sulfide
HIV	Human immunodeficiency virus
HNG	Human neuronal–glial
HSE	Herpes simplex encephalitis
HSV	Herpes simplex virus
JHMV	strain of mouse hepatitis virus
IFN	Interferon
IL	Interleukin
IL13Rα1	Interleukin 13 receptor alpha 1
iNOS	Inducible nitric oxide synthase
IRF8	Interferon regulatory factor 8
IS	Ischemic ictus
JAK	Janus tyrosine kinase
JEV	Japanese encephalitis virus
KO	Knockout
LPS	Lipopolysaccharide
M1	Pro-inflammatoryphenotype
M2	Anti-inflammatoryphenotype
MDMs	Monocyte-derived macrophages
MMP-9	Matrix metalloproteinase
MOG	Myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein
MPs	Microparticles
MS	Multiple sclerosis
MSC	Mesenchymal stem cells
NDsEV	Extracellular vesicles derived from
NF-κB	Nuclear factor κB
NO	Nitric oxide
NVU	Neurovascular unit
p53	Tumor protein P53
PBMC	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
PD	Parkinson’s disease
PI3K	Phosphoinositide 3-kinase
PPMS	Primary progressive multiple sclerosis
RA	Rosmarinic acid
RISC	RNA-Induced Silencing Complex
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
RRMS	Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
SAMHD1	Sterile alpha motif and histidine/aspartic acid domain-containing protein 1
SDCBP	Syntenin-1
SHIP1	SH2 Domain-Containing Inositol 5′-Phosphatase1
SNPs	Single nucleotide polymorphisms
SOCS1	Suppressor of cytokine signaling
SPMS	Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis
STAT	Signal transducer and activator of transcription
p-STAT1	Phosphorylated-Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription
TBI	Traumatic brain injury
TBK-1	TANK-binding kinase 1
TGF-β	Transforming Growth Factor β
TLRs	Toll-like receptors
TNF-α	Tumor necrosis factor
TRBP	TAR RNA binding protein
WNV	West Nile virus
WT	Wild-type
α-syn	α-synuclein
ZIKV	Zika virus