Table 1.

Plants used for the extraction of plant-derived EVs.

Common Name	FAO 1 Group	Scientific Name	Sample	Isolation Method	Ref.
Peas	4—PULSES AND DERIVED PRODUCTS	Pisum sativum	Seed juice	Differential centrifugation/filtration/ultracentrifugation	[20]
Sunflower seeds	6—OIL-BEARING CROPS AND DERIVED PRODUCTS	Helianthus annuus	Seeds extracellular fluids	Vacuum infiltration/centrifugation procedure/differential centrifugation/ultracentrifugation	[24]
Coconut		Cocos nucifera L.	Coconut water or coconut milk	Differential centrifugation/filtration/ultracentrifugation	[20,23]
			Coconut juice
Soybean		Glycine soja	Bean juice
Carrot	7—VEGETABLES AND DERIVED PRODUCTS	Daucus carota	Root juice	Density gradient centrifugation	[13,29]
Broccoli		Brassica oleracea	Flowering head and stalk juice
Tomatoes		Lycopersicon esculentum	Tomato juice	Density gradient centrifugation Differential centrifugation/filtration/ultracentrifugation	[5,18]
Watermelons		Citrullus lanatus	Mesocarp juice	Differential centrifugation/filtration/ultracentrifugation	[18,27]
Melons		Cucumis melo	Fruit juice
Garlic		Allium sativum	Clove juice	Density gradient centrifugation	[29]
				Differential centrifugation/filtration/ultracentrifugation or density gradient centrifugation	[12]
Grapes	8—FRUITS AND DERIVED PRODUCTS	Vitis vinifera	Fruit juice	Density gradient centrifugation	[8,9,17]
				Differential centrifugation/filtration/ultracentrifugation	[18]
Lemons		Citrus limon L.	Fruit juice	Density gradient centrifugation	[22]
				Differential centrifugation/filtration/ultracentrifugation	[5]
Grapefruit		Citrus paradisi	Fruit juice	Density gradient centrifugation Lipid re-assembling via sonication Differential centrifugation/filtration/ultracentrifugation or density gradient centrifugation	[7,12,15,17,19,20,29,34]
Blueberries		Vaccinium myrtillus Vaccinium corymbosum	Fruit juice	Differential centrifugation/filtration/ultracentrifugation	[20]
Kiwis		Actinidia chinensis
Oranges		Citrus sinensis
Pears		Pyrus communis
Pineapples		Ananas comosus	Fruit juice	-	[42]
Ginger	10—SPICES	Zingiber officinale	Root Juice	Density gradient centrifugation Lipid re-assembling via film hydration/sonication/extrusion method Differential centrifugation/filtration/ultracentrifugation or density gradient centrifugation	[9,11,12,19,20,21,25,28,29]
Turmeric		Curcuma longa	Root Juice	Density gradient centrifugation Differential centrifugation/filtration/ultracentrifugation or density gradient centrifugation	[12,29]
Cilantro (coriander)		Coriandrum sativum	Leaf juice	Differential centrifugation/filtration/ultracentrifugation or density gradient centrifugation	[12]
Aloe vera	-	Aloe vera barbadensis	Leaf juice	Differential centrifugation/filtration/ultracentrifugation or density gradient centrifugation	[12]
Dandelion		Taraxacum
Lavender		Lavandula
Cactus		Cactus	Stem juice	Differential centrifugation/filtration/ultracentrifugation or density gradient centrifugation	[12]
Tobacco leaves	13—TOBACCO AND RUBBER AND OTHER CROPS	Nicotiana tabacum	Apoplastic fluid from fresh or dried leaves	Vacuum infiltration/centrifugation/differential centrifugation	[27]
Lesser periwinkle plant	-	Vinca minor L.	Apoplastic fluid from fresh or dried leaves	Vacuum infiltration/centrifugation/differential centrifugation	[27,31]
European mistletoe plant		Viscum album L.
Arabidopsis plant		Arabidopsis thaliana

¹ Food and Agriculture Organization.