Table 2.
The interplay between lncRNA and miRNA/epigenetic regulators in NEPC.
| The Interplay between lncRNA and miRNA | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| lncRNA | miRNA | Target | Pathway and Influence | Reference |
| HOTAIR | miR-31-5p | REST, EZH2 | A direct interaction network among AR, HOTAIR, ESR1, and miR-31-5p was proposed. MiR-31-5p inhibits the expression of AR, and then AR transcriptionally inhibits HOTAIR. | [111,112] |
| LINC00261 | miR-8485 | CBX2, FOXA2 | In the cytoplasm, LINC00261 binds to miR-8485, which reduces the inhibition of CBX2. In the nucleus, LINC00261 activates FOXA2 expression via the SMAD2/3 transcriptional complex. |
[113] |
| H19 | miR-675 | TGF-β1 | H19 and miR-675 negatively regulate the expression of TGFβ1, inhibiting prostate cancer migration. | [114] |
| FENDRR (FOXF1-AS1) | miR-301b-3p | CSNK1E, PRC2 | Reduce tumor invasion by targeting CSNK1E. | [115] |
| miR-18a-5p | RUNX1 | FENDRR inhibits tumor cell proliferation by binding to miR-18a-5p with RUNX1. | [116] | |
| MALAT1 | miR-1 | MALAT1 acts as a sponge of miR-1, resulting in downregulating KRAS in AR independent prostate cancer. | [117] | |
| The interplay between lncRNA and epigenetic regulators | ||||
| LncRNA-p21 | EZH2 | LncRNA-p21 promotes EZH2 to enhance STAT3 methylation and drives neuroendocrine transdifferentiation. | [118] | |
| MIAT | Polycomb genes | MIAT interacts with polycomb genes and is positively associated with Rb mutation and CBX2 expression. | [111,119] | |
| LINC00514 | TADA3 | LINC00514 interacts with TADA3 and reduces p53 activity. | [120] | |
| SSTR5-AS1 | KDM4B | SSTR5-AS1 binds with KDM4B. KDM4B interacts with N-Myc, which drives the progression of NEPC. | [120] | |