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. 2021 Dec 31;23(1):470. doi: 10.3390/ijms23010470

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Expression of genes regulating mitophagy and autophagy in 12-week-old WT, mdx, and mdx/Hmox1^−/− mice. Analysis of mRNA level of genes regulating autophagy in gastrocnemius muscle. The expression of Bnip3 (A), Pink1 (B), Becn1 (C), Map1lc3b (D), Sqstm1 (E), Atg5 (F), Atg7 (G), and Lamp1 (H) was analyzed by qRT-PCR; n = 6–8/group. Western blot analysis of p62, Beclin-1, LC3-I, and LC3-II level (I) and densitometric analysis of LC3-II/LC3-I ratio (J), n = 5–6/group. GAPDH was used as a loading control. Results presented as mean ± SEM. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.005 by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test.