Nigam 1984.

Methods	RCT
Participants	168 patients Secondary care Mean age 34.5 years 45% female
Interventions	Bulking agents Ispaghula husk, unclear dose, 12 weeks Spasmolitic agent Hyoscinebutylbromide, unclear dose, 12 weeks
Outcomes	Global assessment, dichotomous
Notes	Inclear dose of intervention No run in
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not described
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not described
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Double‐blind, double‐dummy
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	No drop‐outs
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	Expected outcomes reported
Other bias	Low risk	The study appears to be free of other sources of bias