| CIRKO | Cardiomyocyte-restricted deletion of insulin receptors |
| CPC | Cardiac progenitor cell |
| DIPK2A | Divergent protein kinase domain 2A |
| DUSP5 | Dual Specificity Phosphatase 5 |
| E | Embryonic day |
| EPO | Erythropoietin |
| ERK | extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 |
| ESC | Embryonic stem cells |
| FAK | Focal adhesion kinase |
| GSK3 | glycogen synthase kinase 3 |
| HASF | Hypoxia and Akt-induced stem cell factor |
| hESC | Human embryonic stem cells |
| IGF | Insulin-like growth factors |
| Igf | Insulin-like growth factors gene |
| IGFBP | Insulin-like growth factors binding proteins |
| IGFR | Insulin-like growth factor receptor |
| INSR | Insulin receptor |
| Insr | Insulin receptor gene |
| IRS | Insulin receptor substrate |
| M6P | Mannose-6-phosphate |
| MAPK | Mitogen activated protein kinases |
| MI2RKO | Double knockout of both receptors in cardiomyocytes |
| miR | MicroRNAs |
| miRNA | MicroRNAs |
| mRNA | Messenger RNA |
| PI3K | phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase |
| P | Postnatal day |
| RA | Retinoic acid |
| Raldh2 | Retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene |
| T3 | Thyroid hormone |
| YAP | Yesassociated protein |