Table 5.
Main regression results for the full sample with the dependent variable log (number of days).
| Variable | Model 1a (baseline model), regression coefficient (SE) | P value | Model 2b (including culture), regression coefficient (SE) | P value | Model 3c (interaction effects), regression coefficient (SE) | P value | |
| General variable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
log (GDPd PPPe) | −0.130 (0.044) | .005 | −0.08 (0.055) | .15 | −0.061 (0.058) | .29 |
|
|
Unemployment rate | −0.001 (0.006) | .84 | −0.001 (0.007) | .87 | 0.004 (0.008) | .61 |
|
|
log (population density) | −0.068 (0.047) | .16 | −0.089 (0.064) | .17 | −0.079 (0.066) | .24 |
|
|
Percentage aged 60 or older | 0.005 (0.005) | .30 | 0.01 (0.008) | .23 | 0.003 (0.008) | .71 |
|
|
log (annual rainfall) | 0.032 (0.063) | .62 | −0.05 (0.104) | .63 | −0.057 (0.105) | .59 |
|
|
Annual temperature | 0.010 (0.005) | .03 | 0.008 (0.007) | .21 | 0.006 (0.007) | .36 |
|
|
Early lockdown | −0.096 (0.055) | .09 | −0.118 (0.069) | .09 | −0.118 (0.075) | .13 |
|
|
Individualism | N/Af | N/A | −0.002 (0.002) | .46 | −0.002 (0.002) | .46 |
|
|
Uncertainty avoidance | N/A | N/A | −0.003 (0.002) | .17 | −0.002 (0.002) | .26 |
| Distancing-enabling ICTg infrastructure |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit card ownership rate | −0.0003 (0.002) | .88 | −0.001 (0.002) | .56 | 0.0004 (0.002) | .88 |
|
|
log (broadband speed) | −0.125 (0.113) | .27 | −0.208 (0.140) | .14 | −0.260 (0.146) | .08 |
| Medical ICT infrastructure |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Telehealth policy (stated) | 0.002 (0.066) | .98 | 0.009 (0.081) | .91 | −0.328 (0.260) | .21 |
|
|
Telehealth policy (implied) | 0.001 (0.055) | .99 | 0.042 (0.071) | .56 | −0.357 (0.183) | .06 |
|
|
Government health websites | 0.017 (0.061) | .78 | 0.047 (0.085) | .59 | 0.067 (0.117) | .57 |
|
|
Training ICT health | 0.055 (0.070) | .44 | 0.042 (0.091) | .65 | −0.203 (0.128) | .12 |
|
|
National EHRh | −0.029 (0.049) | .55 | 0.018 (0.062) | .77 | 0.038 (0.096) | .70 |
| Interaction |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Telehealth policy (stated)×government health websites | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | −0.015 (0.183) | .94 |
|
|
Telehealth policy (implied)×government health websites | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.02 (0.144) | .89 |
|
|
Telehealth policy (stated)×training ICT health | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.415 (0.304) | .18 |
|
|
Telehealth policy (implied)×training ICT health | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.506 (0.188) | .01 |
|
|
Telehealth policy (stated)×national EHR | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | −0.013 (0.178) | .94 |
|
|
Telehealth policy (implied)×national EHR | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | −0.107 (0.159) | .50 |
| Constant | 3.131 (0.520) | <.001 | 3.078 (0.690) | <.001 | 3.163 (0.723) | <.001 | |
aModel 1: 91 observations; R2=0.341; adjusted R2=0.219.
bModel 2: 65 observations; R2=0.329; adjusted R2=0.105.
cModel 3: 65 observations; R2=0.440; adjusted R2=0.146.
dGDP: gross domestic product.
ePPP: purchasing power parity.
fN/A: not applicable.
gICT: information and communications technology.
hEHR: electronic health record.