miR-539 and miR-582 modulate EC and SMC functions in vitro. ECs were transfected with pre-miR-539 or a pre-miR-Control or with an anti-miR-control or an anti-miR-539 (a–d). SMCs (e,f) or ECs (g–j) were transfected with pre-miR-582 or a pre-miR-control or with an anti-miR-control or an anti-miR-582. (k,l) SMCs were transfected with pre-miR-539 or a pre-miR-control. Cells were then used in the following bioassays: (a,e,g,k) proliferation assay, (b,h) migration wound-healing assay of ECs, (l,f) migration of SMCs in boyden chamber assay, and (c,d,i,j) tubulogenesis assay of ECs. Right: representative images from d and j are shown. All data are the mean ± SD (n = 3 independent experiments). *** p < 0.001 vs. the respective control.