Table 1.

Summary of the properties, advantages, and disadvantages of the most common biomedical alloys.

Materials	Density	Tensile Strength	Elastic Modulus	Advantages	Disadvantages	Refs.
Stainless steels	~7500 kg/m3	~620 MPa	193~200 GPa	High strength, ductility	Harmful metal release, stress shielding	[20,21]
Co–Cr alloys	~10,000 kg/m3	~150 MPa	220~230 GPa	High strength and wear resistance	Harmful metal release	[22,23]
Ti Alloys	~4500 kg/m3	~240 MPa	55~114 GPa	High strength, corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, low elastic modulus	Stress shielding	[24,25]