ACCs	articular cartilage chondrocytes
ACI	autologous chondrocyte implantation
ACLT	anterior cruciate ligament transection
AD-MSCs	adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells
AGEs	advanced glycation end-products
AGG	aggrecan
antimiR-221	microRNA inhibitor targeting miR-221
ApoPep-1	apoptosis-targeting peptide-1
BGP	β-glycerophosphate
BM-MSCs	bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells
BMP	bone morphogenetic protein
C-ACT	collagen-augmented chondrogenesis technique
CCP	costal chondrocyte-derived pellet-type
Col-1	collagen type I
Col-2	collagen type II
CPCs	chondrogenic progenitor cells
CS-MA	methacrylated chondroitin sulfate
ECM	extracellular matrix
EPL	ε-poly-L-lysine
GAG	glycosaminoglycan
GelMA	gelatin–methacrylamide
GO	graphene oxide
HA	hyaluronic acid
haMPCs	human adipose-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells
hAMSCs	human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells
HAV	histidine-alanine-valine
hMSCs	human mesenchymal stem cells
HTO	high tibial osteotomy
hWJ-MSC-Exos	hWJ-MSC-derived exosomes
hWJ-MSC	human Wharton’s Jelly mesenchymal stem cells
ICRS	International Cartilage Repair Society
IGF-1	insulin-like growth factor-1
IPFP	infrapatellar fat pad
JS-Paint	joint surface paint
KGN	kartogenin
KL Grade	Kellgren and Lawrence Grade
LAA	L-ascorbic acid
MACI	matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation
MAP	microporous annealed particle
MeHA	methacrylated hyaluronic acid
MMPs	matrix metalloproteinases
MRI	magnetic resonance imaging
MSC-Exos	MSC-derived exosomes
MSCs	mesenchymal stem cells
NB	N-(2-aminoethyl)-4-(4-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methoxy-5-nitrosophenoxy) butanamide
NOD/SCID	non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient
OA	Osteoarthritis
OLT	osteochondral lesion of the talus
OPF	oligo(poly(ethylene glycol) fumarate)
PCL	poly(ε-caprolactone)
PCM	pericellular matrix
PD sheets	allogeneic polydactyly-derived chondrocyte sheets
PDLLA	poly-D, L-lactic acid/polyethylene glycol
PEG	polyethylene glycol
PL	platelet lysate
PLA	polylactic acid
PLEL	poly(d,L-lactide)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(d,L-lactide)
PLGA	poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)
PMPC	poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine)
PRP	platelet-rich plasma
PTOA	post-traumatic osteoarthritis
RAGE	receptor for advanced glycation endproducts
RCTs	randomized clinical trials
RGD	arginine-glycine-aspartate
rhSDF-1α	recombinant human stromal cell–derived factor 1α
rhTG-4	recombinant human transglutaminase 4
ROS	reactive oxygen species
SASP	senescence-associated secretory phenotype
SDF-1	stromal cell-derived factor-1
SDS	sodium dodecyl sulfate
SF-MSCs	synovial fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells
SF	silk fibroin
Si-HPMC	siloxane derived hydroxypropylmethylcellulose
SMSCs	synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells
SS	silk spidroin
SVF	stromal vascular fraction
TAN	tanshinone IIA
TCO	trans-cyclooctene
TGF-β	transforming growth factor-β
TMJ-OA	temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis
UC-derived WJ	umbilical cord-derived Wharton’s Jelly