Table 8.

The widely used in vivo testing methods for evaluating the performance of bone joint replacement.

Type of Method	Subjects to Be Used	Performance to Be Evaluated	Conclusion of Study	References
Animal testing	Goat metatarsus	Implant stability	The implant was identified as achieving favorable implant stability	[54]
	Tibia of rats	Prosthesis stress; implant stability	Implants with a pore size of 600 µm showed higher fixation ability than those with a pore size of 300 µm	[55]
	Tibia of rats	Release of osteopromotive molecules	Local controlled delivery of ZA alone can enhance bone implant anchorage	[58]
	Tibia of merino sheep	The rate of degradation; prosthesis stress	Iron-based porous materials can be candidates for the development of self-degrading bone replacement materials	[57]
	Knee of rats	The cytocompatibility	The multilayer scaffold could induce osteochondral repair	[59]
Clinical trial	Human temporomandibular joint	Prosthesis stress	The new implant has improved clinical and biomechanical joint function compared to the stock device	[56]
	Human mandibular	Bone formation	It is possible to form a mandibular replacement inside the latissimus dorsi muscle in a human being	[60]