Table 3.
Factors associated with a change in BMI category at 18 to 24 months postpartum.
| Characteristics | Total, n = 372 | Shifted to Underweight 1 | COR (95% CI) | p-Value | AOR (95% CI) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parity including the index birth, n (%) | ||||||
| Primigravida | 73 (19.6) | 3 (15.8) | 0.37 (0.10, 1.44) | 0.151 | 1.18 (0.21, 6.70) | 0.854 |
| Two to three | 116 (31.2) | 3 (15.8) | 0.23 (0.06, 0.86) | 0.030 | 0.24 (0.04, 1.53) | 0.130 |
| Four to five | 98 (26.3) | 4 (21.1) | 0.36 (0.11, 1.21) | 0.099 | 0.35 (0.08, 1.51) | 0.161 |
| More than five | 85 (22.9) | 9 (47.4) | Reference | - | Reference | - |
| Unplanned index pregnancy, n (%) | 146 (39.3) | 12 (8.2) | 2.80 (1.07, 7.29) | 0.035 | 3.06 (0.89, 10.51) | 0.076 |
| Intimate partner violence, n (%) | 39 (10.5) | 6 (15.4) | 4.43 (1.58, 12.56) | 0.005 | 3.19 (0.77, 13.23) | 0.111 |
| Food insecurity, n (%) | 95 (25.5) | 13 (13.7) | 7.08 (2.61, 19.22) | 0.000 | 5.26 (1.68, 16.50) | 0.004 |
| Inadequate dietary diversity, n (%) | 136 (36.6) | 12 (8.8) | 3.16 (1.21, 8.25) | 0.019 | 3.19 (0.90, 11.34) | 0.074 |
| GWG in kg, mean (SD) | 11.4 (2.1) | 8.6 (1.3) | 2.17 (1.67, 2.78) * | 0.000 | 2.38 (1.64, 3.45) * | 0.000 |
| Characteristics | Total, n = 213 | Shifted to Normal Weight 2 | COR (95% CI) | p-Value | AOR (95% CI) | p-Value |
| Rural in residence, n (%) | 162 (76.1) | 24 (14.8) | 0.46 (0.22, 0.98) | 0.043 | 0.55 (0.19, 1.56) | 0.260 |
| Educational status, n (%) | ||||||
| No formal education | 97 (45.5) | 13 (13.4) | Reference | - | Reference | - |
| Primary education | 67 (31.5) | 19 (28.4) | 2.56 (1.16, 5.64) | 0.020 | 2.38 (0.86, 6.65) | 0.097 |
| Secondary and above | 49 (23.0) | 6 (12.2) | 0.90 (0.32, 2.54) | 0.845 | 0.52 (0.12, 2.33) | 0.394 |
| Perinatal distress, n (%) | ||||||
| Not distressed at all | 76 (35.7) | 21 (27.6) | Reference | - | Reference | - |
| Distressed in one domain | 58 (27.2) | 10 (17.2) | 0.55 (0.23, 1.28) | 0.162 | 0.38 (0.14, 1.08) | 0.068 |
| Distressed in two domains | 40 (18.8) | 3 (7.5) | 0.21 (0.06, 0.77) | 0.018 | 0.13 (0.03, 0.48) | 0.002 |
| Distressed in three domains | 39 (18.3) | 4 (10.3) | 0.30 (0.10, 0.95) | 0.040 | 0.38 (0.10, 1.46) | 0.158 |
| GWG in kg, mean (SD) | 9.7 (2.1) | 11.4 (2.1) | 1.63 (1.37, 1.94) | 0.000 | 1.65 (1.37, 2.00) | 0.000 |
COR; crude odds ratio, AOR; adjusted odds ratio, 1 shifted from normal weight to underweight compared to pre-pregnancy, 2 shifted from underweight to normal compared to pre-pregnancy, and * COR and AOR reversed. p-Values written in bold show significant association.