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. 2021 Dec 29;27(1):194. doi: 10.3390/molecules27010194

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effects of Pj-EE and four solvent fractions (HF, CF, BF, and WF) on the pro-inflammatory genes and cytokines production in carrageenan-induced acute paw edema models. (a–g) The expression of inflammatory genes, including iNOS (a), COX-2 (b), TNF-α (c), IL-6 (d), IL-1β (e), MMP-2 (f), and MMP-9 (g) from paw lysates was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. (h–j) Supernatant IL-1β (h), IL-6 (i), and TNF-α (i) levels of tissue lysates on carrageenan-triggered paw edema were examined by EIA. All of the data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 6). ^## p < 0.01 compared to the normal group, and * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 compared to the control group (inducer alone) by one-way ANOVA.

Effects of Pj-EE and four solvent fractions (HF, CF, BF, and WF) on the pro-inflammatory genes and cytokines production in carrageenan-induced acute paw edema models. (a–g) The expression of inflammatory genes, including iNOS (a), COX-2 (b), TNF-α (c), IL-6 (d), IL-1β (e), MMP-2 (f), and MMP-9 (g) from paw lysates was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. (h–j) Supernatant IL-1β (h), IL-6 (i), and TNF-α (i) levels of tissue lysates on carrageenan-triggered paw edema were examined by EIA. All of the data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 6). ^## p < 0.01 compared to the normal group, and * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 compared to the control group (inducer alone) by one-way ANOVA.