| LPS | Lipopolysaccharide |
| MyD88 | Myeloid differentiation factor 88 |
| AP-1 | Activator protein-1 |
| MAPKs | Mitogen-activated protein kinases |
| JNK | c-Jun N-terminal kinase |
| RPMI 1640 | Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 |
| DMEM | Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium |
| COX-2 | Cyclooxygenase-2 |
| MMP | Matrix metalloproteinase |
| IL-1β | Interleukin-1β |
| IL-6 | Interleukin 6 |
| TNF-α | Tumor necrosis factor alpha |
| MKK | Mitogen-activated protein kinase |
| iNOS | Inducible nitric oxide synthase |