Fig 7. Effects of reward and penalty in congruent and incongruent trials.

(A) Participants were faster and more accurate when responding to congruent stimuli compared to incongruent stimuli. The effects of reward and penalty on response time and accuracy are consistent across congruent and incongruent trials in Study 1. (B) Study 2 replicated these parallel influences of reward and penalty on congruent and incongruent trials, with only a marginal interaction between incentives and trial congruence observed for accuracy.