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. 2021 Dec 23;14(1):40. doi: 10.3390/nu14010040

Table 1.

Body composition and somatotype data in the four study groups at the baseline (T1) and after 9 weeks of supplementation (T2).

Group T1 T2 P (T × G) ƞ2p
6 Skinfolds (mm)
PLG 61.10 ± 19.46 57.77 ± 20.37 0.251 0.140
CITG 55.75 ± 13.68 49.28 ± 12.53
BRG 61.66 ± 19.86 53.15 ± 9.11
CIT-BRG 46.95 ± 15.82 47.53 ± 20.61
Muscle mass (%)
PLG 43.43 ± 3.28 44.47 ± 3.69 0.137 0.195
CITG 48.42 ± 5.85 45.86 ± 3.78
BRG 45.09 ± 3.11 46.44 ± 3.34
CIT-BRG 45.56 ± 3.01 48.00 ± 2.10 *
Endomorphy
PLG 2.82 ± 1.03 2.65 ± 0.87 0.482 0.089
CITG 2.33 ± 0.72 1.97 ± 0.46
BRG 2.68 ± 0.44 2.33 ± 0.46
CIT-BRG 2.24 ± 0.87 2.17 ± 0.84
Mesomorphy
PLG 5.20 ± 0.41 5.33 ± 0.60 0.568 0.079
CITG 5.38 ± 0.89 5.86 ± 1.13
BRG 5.37 ± 0.95 5.66 ± 1.11
CIT-BRG 4.70 ± 0.70 5.03 ± 0.81 *
Ectomorphy
PLG 2.48 ± 0.80 2.44 ± 0.66 0.746 0.031
CITG 2.62 ± 0.84 2.46 ± 0.77
BRG 2.59 ± 0.92 2.58 ± 0.93
CIT-BRG 3.03 ± 0.87 3.03 ± 0.83

Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. P (T × G): group-by-time interaction (p < 0.05). Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA. PLG: Placebo group; CITG: Citrulline supplemented group; BRG: Nitrate-rich beetroot extract group; CIT-BRG: Citrulline plus Nitrate-rich beetroot extract group. *: Significantly different between two study phases (T1 vs. T2) by dependent sample t-test (p < 0.05).