TABLE 1.
Demographic and Behavioral Characteristics and ORs of Active Syphilis Among MSM and TGW/GQ Participants Consenting to Biomarker Testing, Zimbabwe, 2019
| Characteristics | Active Syphilis (n = 84) | No Active Syphilis (n = 1427) | Total (N = 1511) | Active Syphilis | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Row % | n | Row % | n | Col % | OR | 95% CI | AOR* | 95% CI | |
| Key populationxcity | ||||||||||
| MSM Harare | 21 | 5.1 | 395 | 95.0 | 416 | 27.5 | 0.2 | 0.1–0.5 | 0.2 | 0.1–0.5 |
| TGW/GQ Harare | 17 | 6.1 | 262 | 93.9 | 279 | 18.5 | 0.3 | 0.1–0.6 | 0.2 | 0.1–0.6 |
| MSM Bulawayo | 35 | 4.6 | 725 | 95.4 | 760 | 50.3 | 0.2 | 0.1–0.4 | 0.2 | 0.1–0.4 |
| TGW/GQ Bulawayo | 11 | 19.6 | 45 | 80.4 | 56 | 3.7 | 1 | — | 1 | — |
| HIV status | ||||||||||
| HIV-positive | 36 | 10.6 | 304 | 89.4 | 340 | 22.5 | 2.8 | 1.8–4.4 | 2.5 | 1.5–4.0 |
| HIV-negative | 48 | 4.1 | 1123 | 95.9 | 1171 | 77.5 | 1 | — | 1 | — |
| Age, y | ||||||||||
| 18–24 | 26 | 3.7 | 683 | 96.3 | 709 | 46.9 | 1 | — | 1 | — |
| 25–34 | 43 | 8.0 | 492 | 92.0 | 535 | 35.4 | 2.3 | 1.4–3.8 | 2.1 | 1.2–3.5 |
| 35–44 | 8 | 4.4 | 176 | 95.7 | 184 | 12.2 | 1.2 | 0.5–2.7 | 1.1 | 0.5–2.5 |
| 45+ | 7 | 8.4 | 76 | 91.6 | 83 | 5.5 | 2.4 | 1.0–5.8 | 2.3 | 0.9–5.9 |
| Sexual orientation† | ||||||||||
| Gay/homosexual | 60 | 6.7 | 834 | 93.3 | 894 | 59.3 | 1.8 | 1.1–2.9 | ||
| Bisexual | 24 | 3.9 | 587 | 96.1 | 611 | 40.5 | 1 | — | ||
| Straight/heterosexual | 0 | 0 | 2 | 100.0 | 2 | 0.1 | — | — | ||
| Highest education attended | ||||||||||
| Primary or less | 7 | 8.5 | 75 | 91.5 | 82 | 5.4 | 1 | — | ||
| Secondary | 58 | 5.4 | 1014 | 94.6 | 1072 | 70.9 | 0.6 | 0.3–1.4 | ||
| Tertiary or vocational | 19 | 5.3 | 338 | 94.7 | 357 | 23.6 | 0.6 | 0.2–1.5 | ||
| Self-report STI symptoms past 12 months | ||||||||||
| Yes | 26 | 9.0 | 263 | 91.0 | 289 | 19.1 | 2.0 | 1.2–3.2 | 1.8 | 1.1–2.9 |
| No | 58 | 4.8 | 1164 | 95.3 | 1222 | 80.9 | 1 | — | 1 | — |
| Alcohol dependence (AUDIT score of ≥15) | ||||||||||
| Yes | 27 | 8.0 | 312 | 92.0 | 339 | 22.4 | 1.7 | 1.1–2.7 | ||
| No | 57 | 4.9 | 1115 | 95.1 | 1172 | 77.6 | 1 | — | ||
| Early sexual debut with male sex partner‡ | ||||||||||
| Early sexual debut (<15 y) | 7 | 7.4 | 88 | 92.6 | 95 | 6.4 | 1.4 | 0.6–3.0 | ||
| No early sexual debut (≥15 y) | 77 | 5.5 | 1318 | 94.5 | 1395 | 93.6 | 1 | — | ||
| Recent (≤6 months) transactional sex§ | ||||||||||
| Yes | 15 | 12.3 | 107 | 87.7 | 122 | 8.2 | 2.6 | 1.5–4.8 | ||
| No | 69 | 5.1 | 1298 | 95.0 | 1367 | 91.8 | 1 | — | ||
| No. recent (≤6 months) male sex partners‡ | ||||||||||
| 0–1 | 31 | 4.2 | 713 | 95.8 | 744 | 49.9 | 1 | — | ||
| 2 | 16 | 5.2 | 292 | 94.8 | 308 | 20.7 | 1.3 | 0.7–2.3 | ||
| 3+ | 37 | 8.5 | 401 | 91.6 | 438 | 29.4 | 2.1 | 1.3–3.5 | ||
*Adjusted for key populationxcity, HIV status, age, and self-reported STI symptoms past 12 months using multiple logistic regression. Bolded results are significant (P < 0.05).
†n = 4 other/do not know/refuse to answer.
‡n = 21 missing.
§n = 22 missing.
AUDIT, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test.