Figure 2.

Liver biochemistry abnormalities and molecular mechanism of hepatic injury in COVID-19 infection. SARS-CoV-2 invade the liver through the digestive tract or the circulation. The main mechanisms of liver injury include: direct action of the virus, hypoxia and vascular endothelial injury, drug-induced liver injury and immunoinflammatory injury caused by cytokine storm. SARS-CoV-2 can directly cause hepatocyte damage, showing swelling of mitochondria and expansion of endoplasmic reticulum, and cause abnormal liver transaminase, mainly manifested as increased levels of ALT, AST, LDH, TBIL, GGT and ALP and decreased levels of ALB.