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. 2021 Dec 30;14(1):163. doi: 10.3390/nu14010163

Table 3.

Mean numbers (ranges) of claims per product by type for meals and snacks launched in time-periods 2, 3, and 4.

Meals T2 Meals T3 Meals T4 Snacks T2 1 Snacks T3 Snacks T4
n = 7 n = 19 n = 11 n = 17 n = 58 n = 90
Unregulated health-related ingredient claims (n = 774) 3 (1–5) 3 (0–6) 3 (1–6) 3 (0–7) 4 (0–8) 4 (0–10) *
Unregulated natural/organic claims (n = 102) 0 (0–2) 1 (0–1) 1 (0–1) 0 (0–2) 0 (0–2) 1 (0–3) *
Unregulated environmental claims (n = 101) 0 (0) 0 (0–1) 0 (0–2) ** 0 (0–1) 1 (0–2) 1 (0–3)
Unregulated “other” claims (n = 96) 0 (0) 0 (0–1) 0 (0–5) 0 (0–1) 0 (0–1) 1 (0–7) *
Regulated nutrition-content claims (n = 216) 2 (0–5) 1 (1–4) 1 (0–4) 1 (0–4) 1 (0–4) 1 (0–4)
Regulated health claims (n = 33) 1 (0–5) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0–1) 0 (0–6) 0 (0–3)
Total unregulated claims (n = 1073) 3 (1–6) 3 (0–7) 3 (5–8) * 4 (0–9) 5 (0–10) 7 (2–13) **
Total regulated claims (n = 249) 3 (0–10) 1 (0–4) 1 (0–4) 1 (0–4) 1 (0–10) 1 (0–4)
Total claims (n = 1322) 6 (3–11) 5 (0–9) 5 (5–12) * 5 (0–10) 6 (0–18) 8 (2–14) **

* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.001 between time periods. T1 excluded because of no available on-pack data. T2: Time-period 2 (2003–2008); T3: Time-period 3 (2009–2014); T4: Time-period 4 (2014–2020). 1 Total numbers have been adjusted to exclude the products without photos or descriptive data.