Table 3.
In vitro antifungal activity of blank and mancozeb-loaded (1.0 mg/mL) CSCRG NPs.
| Phytopathogenic Fungus |
Treatment | CSCRG NPs Fungus Diameter (mm) |
CSCRG NPs % Inhibition = dc − dt/dc × 100 | Mancozeb Fungus Diameter (mm) |
Mancozeb % Inhibition = dc − dt/dc × 100 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
A. alternata (ITCC3640) |
Blank NPs N 1.0 (1.0 ppm) |
12.5 ± 0.7 | 83.9 ± 0.7 b | -- | -- |
| Loaded NPs NF 0.5 (0.5 ppm) |
19.5 ± 0.7 | 74.8 ± 0.7 bc | 12 ± 1.4 | 84.5 ± 1.4 b | |
| Loaded NPs NF 1.0 (1.0 ppm) |
14 ± 0 | 81.9 ± 0 b | 11.5 ± 0.7 | 85.2 ± 0.7 b | |
| Loaded NPs NF 1.5 (1.5 ppm) |
13.5 ± 0.7 | 82.6 ± 0.7 b | 10.5 ± 0.7 | 86.5 ± 0.7 b | |
|
S. lycopersici (ITCC5431) |
Blank NPs N 1.0 (1.0 ppm) |
12.5 ± 0.7 | 62.1 ± 0.7 c | -- | -- |
| Loaded NPs NF 0.5 (0.5 ppm) |
14.5 ± 0.7 | 56.1 ± 0.7 c | 14.5 ± 0.7 | 56.1 ± 0.7 c | |
| Loaded NPs NF 1.0 (1.0 ppm) |
0 ± 0 | 100 ± 0 a | 0 ± 0 | 100.0 a | |
| Loaded NPs NF 1.5 (1.5 ppm) |
0 ± 0 | 100 ± 0 a | 0 ± 0 | 100.0 a | |
|
Alternaria solani ITCC-3640 |
Blank NPs N 1.0 (1.0 ppm) |
32.5 ± 3.5 | 50 ± 3.5 | -- | -- |
| Loaded NPs NF 0.5 (0.5 ppm) |
21 ± 1.4 | 67.7 ± 1.4 bc | 10.5 ± 0.7 | 83.8 ± 0.7 b | |
| Loaded NPs NF 1.0 (1.0 ppm) |
21 ± 0 | 67.7 ± 0 bc | 10 ± 0 | 84.6 ± 0 b | |
| Loaded NPs NF 1.5 (1.5 ppm) |
11 ± 0 | 83.1 ± 0 b | 10 ± 0 | 84.6 ± 0 b | |
|
Sclerotonia sclerotiorum ITCC-5492 |
Blank NPs N 1.0 (1.0 ppm) |
13.5 ± 0.7 | 60.3 ± 0.7 c | -- | -- |
| Loaded NPs NF 0.5 (0.5 ppm) |
15.5 ± 0.7 | 54.4 ± 0.7 c | 10.5 ± 0.7 | 69.1 ± 0.7 bc | |
| Loaded NPs NF 1.0 (1.0 ppm) |
0 ± 0 | 100 ± 0 a | 0 ± 0 | 100 ± 0 a | |
| Loaded NPs NF 1.5 (1.5 ppm) |
0 ± 0 | 100 ± 0 a | 0 ± 0 | 100 ± 0 a |
Each value is the mean of a triplicate. Mean ± SD followed by the same letter in the column of treatment are not significantly different at p ≤ 0.05 as determined by a t-test.