Table 1.

Summary of the effect estimates for the different outcomes in the included systematic reviews and primary studies

Outcome	Systematic Reviews	Primary studies
Contracting COVID-19	No direct evidence	No direct evidence
Hospitalization	RR 1.63 (95% CI 1.03–2.58) ⨁⨁⨁◯	RR 4.0 (95% CI 3.0–5.2) OR from 1.38 (95% CI 1.19–1.60) to 3.9 (95% CI 2.4– 6.3) HR 1.21 (95% CI 1.11–1.32), and 1.9 (95% CI 1.3– 2.9)
Mortality	Pooled OR 1.77 (95% CI 1.54–2.02) ⨁⨁⨁◯ Pooled RR 1.6 (95% CI 0.88–2.92) ⨁⨁◯◯ Pooled HR 1.48 (95% CI 1.33–1.65) ⨁⨁⨁◯ RR 2.52 (95% CI 2.1–3.0) ⨁⨁⨁◯	Pooled OR 1.77 (95% CI 1.54–2.02) ⨁⨁⨁◯ Pooled RR 1.6 (95% CI 0.88–2.92) ⨁⨁◯◯ Pooled HR ESKD vs no ESKD 1.92 (95% CI 0.96–3.81) Pooled HR CKD III vs no CKD 1.46 (95% CI 1.41–1.51)
COVID-19 severity	RR 1.56 (95% CI 1.3–1.86) ⨁⨁⨁◯	OR from 2.1 (95% CI 1.2–3.8) to 3.6 (95% CI 2.2–5.8)
ICU admission	OR 1.37 (95% CI 0.8–1.86) ⨁⨁◯◯	Inconsistent evidence
Poor outcomes	OR 5.32 (95% CI 1.86–15.19) RR 2.63 (95% CI 1.33–5.17)	Pneumonia OR 1.66 (95% CI 1.38–2.00) Acute kidney injury OR 2.86 (95% CI 1.73–4.73) Longer hospital stay OR 1.62 (95% CI 1.27–2.06)