Table 5.
Comparison of pregnancy outcomes among the preeclampsia group with different degrees of severity and healthy group (x̅±sd, n (%))
| Group | n | Neonatal asphyxia | Fetal distress | Premature delivery | Neonatal body weight (kg) | Neonatal Apgar score (scores) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healthy group | Normal vitamin A and vitamin E | 4056 | 51 (1.26) | 63 (1.55) | 192 (4.73) | 3.69±0.52 | 9.30±0.59 |
| Vitamin A deficiency | 202 | 10 (4.95) | 15 (7.43) | 20 (9.90) | 3.57±0.50 | 9.13±0.51 | |
| Vitamin E deficiency | 126 | 6 (4.76) | 12 (9.52) | 13 (10.32) | 3.60±0.53 | 9.09±0.56 | |
| Vitamin A and E deficiency | 51 | 6 (11.76) | 9 (17.65) | 10 (19.61) | 3.49±0.51 | 9.01±0.54 | |
| χ2/F | 57.220 | 119.760 | 38.241 | 6.795 | 14.010 | ||
| P | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| Mild group | Normal vitamin A and vitamin E | 127 | 5 (3.94) | 8 (6.30) | 9 (7.09) | 3.41±0.40 | 9.02±0.47 |
| Vitamin A deficiency | 67 | 10 (14.93) | 12 (17.91) | 11 (16.42) | 3.13±0.37 | 8.79±0.45 | |
| Vitamin E deficiency | 50 | 7 (14.00) | 11 (22.00) | 9 (18.00) | 3.15±0.39 | 8.82±0.43 | |
| Vitamin A and E deficiency | 15 | 3 (20.00) | 5 (33.33) | 4 (26.67) | 3.02±0.35 | 8.63±0.49 | |
| χ2/F | 9.819 | 15.461 | 8.850 | 12.082 | 6.425 | ||
| P | 0.020 | 0.002 | 0.031 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| Severe group | Normal vitamin A and vitamin E | 72 | 8 (11.11) | 9 (12.50) | 10 (13.89) | 3.05±0.31 | 8.38±0.46 |
| Vitamin A deficiency | 125 | 22 (17.60) | 25 (20.00) | 29 (23.20) | 2.87±0.26 | 8.02±0.41 | |
| Vitamin E deficiency | 77 | 13 (16.88) | 18 (23.38) | 17 (22.08) | 2.89±0.29 | 8.06±0.43 | |
| Vitamin A and E deficiency | 32 | 12 (37.50) | 13 (40.62) | 13 (40.62) | 2.76±0.33 | 7.87±0.44 | |
| χ2/F | 10.649 | 10.800 | 9.119 | 9.228 | 15.264 | ||
| P | 0.014 | 0.013 | 0.028 | <0.001 | <0.001 |