Table 5.
Quality assessment of cross-sectional studies (35).
| References | Selection a | Comparabilityb | Outcome c | Total quality score | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
(1)
Representativeness of the sample |
(2)
Sample size |
(3)
Non-responders |
(4)
Ascertainment of the exposure |
(1)
Comparability of subjects on the basis of the design or analysis |
(1)
Assessment of the outcome |
(2)
Statistical test |
||
| Joshi et al. (47) | ⋆ | ⋆ | ⋆ | ⋆⋆ | ⋆⋆ | ⋆ | 8 | |
| Kim et al. (40) | ⋆ | ⋆⋆ | ⋆⋆ | ⋆⋆ | ⋆ | 8 | ||
| Ang et al. (38) | ⋆ | ⋆ | ⋆⋆ | ⋆⋆ | ⋆⋆ | ⋆ | 9 | |
| Eum et al. (39) | ⋆ | ⋆ | ⋆⋆ | ⋆⋆ | ⋆⋆ | ⋆ | 9 | |
| Minzenberg et al. (41) | ⋆ | ⋆ | ⋆ | ⋆ | ⋆⋆ | ⋆ | 7 | |
| Tune et al. (46) | ⋆ | ⋆⋆ | ⋆ | ⋆⋆ | 6 | |||
| Tracy et al. (44) | ⋆ | ⋆⋆ | ⋆⋆ | ⋆⋆ | ⋆ | 8 | ||
| Perlick et al. (42) | ⋆ | ⋆⋆ | ⋆⋆ | ⋆⋆ | ⋆ | 8 | ||
| Tsoutsoulas et al. (45) | ⋆ | ⋆⋆ | ⋆ | ⋆⋆ | ⋆ | 7 | ||
| Sweeney et al. (43) | ⋆ | ⋆ | ⋆ | ⋆⋆ | ⋆ | 6 | ||
a
A maximum of 5 stars can be awarded for the selection.
b
A maximum of 2 stars can be awarded for the comparability.
c
A maximum of 3 stars can be awarded for the outcome.