Table 1.
Hemodynamic variables during the PEMI protocols at rest and during exercise phases in both conditions
| SHAM | IP | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PEMI-Pre | PEMI-Post | PEMI-Pre | PEMI-Post | |
| HR (bpm) | ||||
| Rest | 68.49 ± 10.69 | 66.69 ± 10.73 | 68.57 ± 10.01 | 67.87 ± 7.23 |
| Exe | 98.54 ± 11.41# | 97.77 ± 11.30# | 101.30 ± 12.33# | 101.75 ± 8.79# |
| SV (ml) | ||||
| Rest | 75.37 ± 5.63 | 74.19 ± 4.92 | 74.07 ± 4.59 | 74.39 ± 3.47 |
| Exe | 87.57 ± 9.49# | 91.24 ± 14.64# | 93.37 ± 15.18# | 89.07 ± 9.28# |
| CO (l·min−1) | ||||
| Rest | 5.17 ± 0.96 | 4.93 ± 0.73 | 5.09 ± 0.87 | 5.05 ± 0.57 |
| Exe | 9.08 ± 1.37# | 9.54 ± 1.77# | 9.15 ± 1.487# | 9.09 ± 1.09# |
| EDV (ml) | ||||
| Rest | 110.40 ± 15.40 | 111.35 ± 15.73 | 110.16 ± 10.16 | 109.09 ± 10.20 |
| Exe | 113.17 ± 15.92 | 112.89 ± 16.14 | 111.05 ± 10.49 | 103.07 ± 25.29 |
| LVET (ms) | ||||
| Rest | 281.36 ± 86.44 | 276.74 ± 76.74 | 287.71 ± 76.21 | 293.39 ± 85.46 |
| Exe | 240.43 ± 69.50# | 240.29 ± 70.11# | 238.28 ± 75.61# | 246.94 ± 78.98# |
| SV/LVET | ||||
| Rest | 0.41 ± 0.08 | 0.39 ± 0.07 | 0.37 ± 0.08 | 0.40 ± 0.08 |
| Exe | 0.30 ± 0.06# | 0.32 ± 0.06# | 0.29 ± 0.05# | 0.28 ± 0.05# |
| SVR (dyne·s−1·cm−5) | ||||
| Rest | 1346.54 ± 230.05 | 1417.09 ± 173.36 | 1350.68 ± 180.73 | 1369.77 ± 172.41 |
| Exe | 882.54 ± 173.64# | 853.85 ± 219.81# | 922.60 ± 210.78# | 920.10 ± 160.12# |
| SAP (mmHg) | ||||
| Rest | 116.82 ± 10.06 | 118.82 ± 10.21 | 119.27 ± 11.61 | 119.73 ± 10.98 |
| Exe | 148.04 ± 15.80# | 146.95 ± 10.88# | 152.61 ± 15.04# | 149.61 ± 13.52# |
| DAP (mmHg) | ||||
| Rest | 67.69 ± 9.23 | 68.55 ± 8.32 | 66.12 ± 11.06 | 69.41 ± 11.31 |
| Exe | 78.50 ± 8.92# | 81.07 ± 10.66# | 79.65 ± 9.84# | 77.90 ± 9.08# |
| MAP (mmHg) | ||||
| Rest | 84.07 ± 7.00 | 85.31 ± 6.04 | 83.84 ± 7.44 | 86.18 ± 9.24 |
| Exe | 101.68 ± 7.64# | 103.03 ± 9.03# | 103.97 ± 8.54# | 101.80 ± 7.89# |
Values are means ± SD of rest and PEMI condition during both conditions of heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), end diastolic volume (EDV), left ventricular ejection time (LVET), stroke volume/left ventricular ejection time ratio (SV/LVET), systemic vascular resistance (SVR), systolic arterial pressure, (SAP), diastolic arterial pressure (DAP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP)
#Significantly different compared to Rest (p < 0.05)