Table 4.
The results of univariate regression models testing the relationships between the large-scale predictors, identified as significant by the ordination models (Table 3), and measures of plant species richness and cover in plots in the Kruger National Park.
| Response | Predictor | p value (without spatial effects) | Estimate (without spatial effects) | Explained variability (adjusted R-square) | p-value (with spatial effects) | Estimate (with spatial effects) | Explained variability (Adjusted R-square) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Richness (total) | tempMean | 0.043 | − 1.6736 | 0.053 | 0.083 | − 1.474 | 0.035 |
| Richness (total) | tempMin | 0.0567 | − 3.439 | 0.045 | 0.078 | − 3.257 | 0.036 |
| Richness (total) | tempMax | 0.0620 | − 0.8389 | 0.043 | 0.086 | − 38.43 | 0.034 |
| Richness (total) | tempSD | 0.0496 | − 26.07 | 0.049 | 0.088 | − 23.27 | 0.033 |
| Richness (shrubs) | tempMean | 0.161 | − 0.03676 | 0.017 | 0.271 | − 0.030 | 0.004 |
| Richness (shrubs) | tempMin | 0.129 | − 0.08666 | 0.023 | 0.196 | − 0.076 | 0.012 |
| Richness (shrubs) | tempMax | 0.548 | − 0.008596 | − 0.011 | 0.686 | − 0.2903 | − 0.014 |
| Richness (shrubs) | tempSD | 0.290 | − 0.4469 | 0.002 | 0.410 | − 0.3595 | − 0.005 |
| Richness (herbs) | tempMean | 0.0243 | − 1.7712 | 0.069 | 0.076 | − 1.436 | 0.037 |
| Richness (herbs) | tempMin | 0.0352 | − 3.615 | 0.058 | 0.0625 | − 3.272 | 0.042 |
| Richness (herbs) | tempMax | 0.0297 | − 0.9278 | 0.063 | 0.05 | − 41.50 | 0.048 |
| Richness (herbs) | tempSD | 0.0241 | − 28.45 | 0.069 | 0.0636 | − 24.01 | 0.064 |
| Cover (grasses) | eviSD | 0.389 | 7.103 | − 0.004 | 0.288 | 16.08 | 0.003 |
| Cover (grasses) | distDirt | 0.0804 | − 0.6234 | 0.035 | 0.092 | − 0.258 | 0.032 |
| Cover (herbs) | eviSD | 0.173 | 1.30661 | 0.015 | 0.082 | 1.740 | 0.035 |
| Cover (herbs) | distDirt | 0.342 | − 0.02303 | − 0.001 | 0.609 | − 0.005 | − 0.013 |
| Cover (herbs) | eviSD | 0.493 | − 0.58314 | − 0.009 | 0.493 | − 0.583 | − 0.009 |
| Cover (herbs) | distDirt | 0.534 | − 0.01333 | − 0.01 | 0.597 | − 0.005 | − 0.012 |
For each response variable, values from models not considering spatial effects as well as those with significant principal coordinates (PCO1, PCO2, PCO3) included to account for spatial effects are presented. Significant effects are displayed in bold, marginally significant in italics. See Supplementary Table 1 for description of predictor variables.