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. 2022 Jan 10;13(1):31. doi: 10.1038/s41419-021-04480-3

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — A mRNA and B protein expression levels of PGC-1α were decreased in TGF-β1-treated RTECs. C mRNA expression of mitochondrial dynamic-related genes including Mfn, Tfam, and Drp1were altered in TGF-β1-treated RTECs. D mRNA and E protein expression levels of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway were increased in TGF-β1-treated RTECs. F Concentrations of IL-1β and IL-18 assessed by ELISA were increased in TGF-β1-treated RTECs. G mRNA and H protein expression levels of fibrotic markers including fibronectin and collagen 1, and apoptotic cell death markers of Bax/bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3 were increased in TGF-β1-treated RTECs. Note: *P < 0.05 vs. control. PGC-1α peroxisomal proliferator-γ coactivator-1α; NLRP3 NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing 3; ASC, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain; RTEC renal tubular epithelial cell; Mfn mitofusin; Tfam mitochondrial transcriptional factor A; Drp1 dynamin-related protein 1; ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.