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. 2022 Jan 10;13:26. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-26583-3

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — a, c Enlarged view of the ligand-binding pocket of (a) PcSTING (green) and (c) MySTING (cyan). The hydrogen-bonding network that specifically recognizes the guanine nucleobase of c-di-GMP (yellow) are indicated by a black dashed line. The specificity-determining residues of PcSTING, MySTING, and c-di-GMP molecule are shown as sticks. Water molecules are shown as red spheres. b, d Left, the four-layer stacking interactions between c-di-GMP and (b) PcSTING dimer (green and light gray) and (d) MySTING dimer (cyan and light gray); right, schematic representation of the interactions. C-di-GMP and the residues involved in stacking (F171, R233, Y235 in PcSTING; L169, R230, Y232 in MySTING) are shown as spheres. One protomer is colored and the other is white. D252/D251 in PcSTING/MySTING that recognizes N2 of guanine base is shown as sticks. The four-layer stack binding mode is highlighted by black arrows. The H-bonds are indicated by red lines. e Left, the stacking interactions between 3’3’-cGAMP (yellow) and FsSTING dimer (orange and light gray, PDB: 6WT4); right, schematic representation of the interactions. 3’3’-cGAMP and the residues involved in stacking (F92 and R153 in FsSTING) are shown as spheres. D169s in FsSTING are shown as sticks. Gua, guanine base; Ade, adenine base.