. 2021 Dec 7;101(3):101653. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101653

Table 7.

Effects of dietary graded creatine nitrate (CrN) supplementation on energy status in Pectoralis major muscle of broilers.

Items	Treatments¹					SEM	P value
Items	Control	GAA₆₀₀	CrN₃₀₀	CrN₆₀₀	CrN₉₀₀	SEM	ANOVA	Linear²	Quadratic²
Creatine (μmol/g)	11.99^c	12.98^b	12.67^b	12.61^b	13.77^a	0.12	<0.001	<0.001	0.232
PCr (μmol/g)	1.50^b	2.01^a	1.72^ab	1.87^a	1.99^a	0.06	0.018	0.001	0.599
PCr/Creatine ratio	0.13	0.15	0.14	0.15	0.14	0.01	0.531	0.102	0.416
ATP (μmol/g)	1.20^b	1.93^a	1.99^a	1.96^a	1.98^a	0.09	0.022	0.009	0.046
ADP (μmol/g)	0.74	0.76	0.87	0.79	0.79	0.02	0.361	0.616	0.084
AMP (μmol/g)	0.35^a	0.23^b	0.24^b	0.25^b	0.26^b	0.01	0.021	0.036	0.041
AMP/ATP ratio	0.29^a	0.12^b	0.12^b	0.13^b	0.13^b	0.01	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001

Abbreviations: ATP, adenosine triphosphate; ADP, adenosine diphosphate; AMP, adenosine monophosphate; PCr, phosphocreatine.

^a,b,c

Different letters in the mean value of the same row indicate a significant difference (P < 0.05). The data are represented as the mean value and pooled SEM (n = 6).

Control, basal diet; GAA₆₀₀, basal diet supplemented with 600 mg/kg guanidinoacetic acid (GAA); CrN₃₀₀, CrN₆₀₀, and CrN₉₀₀, basal diets supplemented with 300, 600, and 900 mg/kg CrN, respectively.

Orthogonal polynomials were used to estimate the linear and quadratic effects of dietary CrN supplementation among the control, CrN₃₀₀, CrN₆₀₀, and CrN₉₀₀ groups.