Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of 91,204 participants by hypertension status.
| Characteristics | Without hypertension (SBP <130 mmHg and DBP <80 mmHg) | Stage 1 hypertension (SBP 130-139 mmHg or DBP 80-89 mmHg) | Stage 2 hypertension (SBP ≥140 mmHg or DBP ≥90 mmHg) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Participants (n) | 41,127 | 22,190 | 27887 | |
| Age (years) | 53·8 ± 8·3 | 55·4 ± 8·5 | 58·8 ± 8·9 | < 0·001 |
| Men, n (%) | 11337 (27·6) | 8221 (37·0) | 11149 (40·0) | < 0·001 |
| High school education or above, n (%) | 17978 (43·7) | 8380 (37·8) | 8166 (29·3) | < 0·001 |
| Current drinkers, n (%) | 3137 (7·6) | 2660 (12·0) | 3957 (14·2) | < 0·001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23·5 ± 3·3 | 24·8 ± 3·5 | 25·3 ± 3·5 | < 0·001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 114·2 ± 9·3 | 130·2 ± 7·0 | 152·9 ± 14·6 | < 0·001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 69·7 ± 6·2 | 80·0 ± 6·2 | 87·0 ± 10·4 | < 0·001 |
| TC (mg/dL) | 183·9 ± 43·8 | 191·3 ± 43·7 | 198·3 ± 43·9 | < 0·001 |
| FPG (mg/dL) | 101·9 ± 24·6 | 107·0 ± 28·5 | 111·4 ± 32·8 | < 0·001 |
| Ideal cardiovascular health metrics, n (%) | ||||
| Ideal smoking status | 33646 (81·8) | 17420 (78·5) | 22067 (79·1) | < 0·001 |
| Physical activity at goal | 6542 (15·9) | 3093 (13·9) | 3657 (13·1) | < 0·001 |
| Healthy diet | 20264 (49·3) | 10211 (46·0) | 10922 (39·2) | < 0·001 |
| BMI at goal | 19019 (46·2) | 6723 (30·3) | 7062 (25·3) | < 0·001 |
| Untreated TC at goal | 26946 (65·5) | 13007 (58·6) | 14612 (52·4) | < 0·001 |
| Untreated FPG at goal | 24923 (60·6) | 10780 (48·6) | 11586 (41·5) | < 0·001 |
| No. of ICVHMs, n (%) | < 0·001 | |||
| ≤1 | 3016 (7·3) | 2988 (13·5) | 5119 (18·4) | |
| 2 | 8350 (20·3) | 6252 (28·2) | 9194 (33·0) | |
| 3 | 13193 (32·1) | 7203 (32·5) | 8345 (29·9) | |
| ≥4 | 16568 (40·3) | 5747 (25·9) | 5229 (18·8) |
Data are presented as means ± standard deviations for continuous variables with a normal distribution or numbers (proportions) for categorical variables.
Abbreviations: BMI, body-mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; ICVHMs, ideal cardiovascular health metrics; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol.