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. 2021 Dec 27;22(1):151. doi: 10.3390/s22010151

Table 2.

Scores obtained for depression, anxiety, and stress scale (mean ± standard deviation). Comparisons are between medical students and general population (Student’s unpaired t-tests). Normative values for each subscale are presented (Crawford and Henry 2003).

Cohort Stress Score Depression Score Anxiety Score
(Average ± SD) (Average ± SD) (Average ± SD)
Medical Students 11.1 ± 8.9 2.2 ± 2.6 4.5 ± 6.1
General Population 20.9 ± 14.2 13.0 ± 16.8 8.6 ± 7.4
p-value 0.002 0.026 0.003
Normative Values Normal 0–10 Normal 0–9 Normal 0–6
Mild: 11–18 Mild: 10–12 Mild: 7–9
Moderate: 19–26 Moderate: 13–20 Moderate: 10–14
Severe: 27–34 Severe: 21–27 Severe: 15–19