Table 2.

Main studies investigating the involvement of PXR in NAFLD/NASH.

Effect	Model	Reference
HFD-induced PXR activation promotes steatosis, inflammation, and lipotoxicity	Mice fed with high fat and cholesterol diet	[65]
PXR genetic deletion reduces HFD-induced obesity and FGF15 expression, decreases the absorption of BAs and lipids and hepatic triglycerides	HFD-fed PXR KO mice	[66]
PXR expression is upregulated according to the degree of fibrosis	Pediatric and adult patients with NAFLD and fibrosis	[67,68]
HFD induces PXR upregulation and increases CYP3A11 expression and activity	HFD-fed mice	[69]
PXR regulates the expression of SREBP1 and PPARα, increases lipogenesis and reduces the oxidation of fatty acids	NAFLD mice and patients review	[74]
HFD reduces PXR activation and CYP3A4 expression due to an imbalance of the FGF21–PXR–CYP3A4 axis	Lipid-loaded Huh7 cells and HFD-fed mice	[76]