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. 2021 Dec 27;11(1):72. doi: 10.3390/cells11010072

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Carbon ion irradiation modulates the anti-oxidative defense of HMVEC cells and leukocyte adhesion. (A) Experimental settings: At 24 h after plating, HMVEC cells were exposed to laminar shear stress conditions. Irradiation with Carbon (C)-ions and TNF-α stimulation was applied. After 24 h, cells were collected, followed by ROS analysis and RNA isolation. (B) mRNA expression of anti-oxidative factors was measured by qPCR and values were displayed relative to non-irradiated cells (mean + SEM; n = 4; * p < 0.05, Kruskal-Wallis test vs. 0 Gy). (C) ROS analysis was performed by flow cytometry (mean + SEM; n = 4). (D) For adhesion experiments, PBL were added 23.5 h after irradiation to the flow chamber and adhesion was subsequently measured by microscopic evaluation. (E) mRNA expression of indicated adhesion molecules relative to non-irradiated cells is shown (mean + SEM; n = 3–4). (F) Adhesion of PBL was calculated relative to non-irradiated samples (mean + SEM; n = 6; * p < 0.05, one-way ANOVA vs. 0 Gy).