Table 2.
Modifiable factors in the PREVED cohort pregnant women.
| Control Group (n = 78) |
Temporal p-Value (First-Second Visit) | Intervention Group (n = 152) |
Temporal p-Value (First-Second Visit) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n1 | % | n2 | % | |||
| Smoking | ||||||
| Three months before conception | ||||||
| No | 64 | 82.1 | 0.26 | 113 | 74.3 | 0.02 |
| Yes | 14 | 17.9 | 39 | 25.7 | ||
| During the first trimester | ||||||
| No | 69 | 88.5 | 130 | 85.5 | ||
| Yes | 9 | 11.5 | 22 | 14.5 | ||
| Alcohol consumption * | ||||||
| Before conception | ||||||
| No | 4 | 5.1 | <0.001 | 25 | 16.4 | <0.001 |
| Yes | 74 | 94.9 | 127 | 83.6 | ||
| Drinking more than 4 glasses during the 1st trimester * (n = 73 for control group; 147 for intervention group) | ||||||
| Never | 69 | 94.5 | 124 | 84.4 | ||
| Very rarely | 4 | 5.5 | 20 | 13.6 | ||
| Once a month | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 0.6 | ||
| Two or three times a month | 0 | 0.0 | 2 | 1.4 | ||
| Consumption of canned tuna (number/week) | ||||||
| At the first visit | ||||||
| No | 24 | 30.8 | <0.001 | 43 | 28.3 | <0.001 |
| Yes | 54 | 69.2 | 109 | 71.7 | ||
| Mean; ±SD * (n1 = 54; n2 = 108) | 1.8 | ±1.7 | 1.8 | ±1.1 | ||
| At the second visit | ||||||
| No | 46 | 59.0 | 84 | 55.3 | ||
| Yes | 32 | 41.0 | 68 | 44.7 | ||
| Mean; ±SD * (n1 = 32; n2 = 68) | 1.5 | ±0.8 | 1.7 | ±1.0 | ||
| Consumption of preserved sweetcorn (number/week) | ||||||
| At the first visit | ||||||
| No | 39 | 50.0 | 0.002 | 66 | 43.4 | 0.003 |
| Yes | 39 | 50.0 | 86 | 56.6 | ||
| Mean; ±SD * (n1 = 39; n2 = 86) | 1.8 | ±1.9 | 2.2 | ±1.7 | ||
| At the second visit | ||||||
| No | 58 | 74.4 | 92 | 60.5 | ||
| Yes | 20 | 25.6 | 60 | 39.5 | ||
| Mean; ±SD * (n1 = 21; n2 = 60) | 1.3 | ±0.6 | 1.8 | ±1.4 | ||
| Consumption of other canned food (number/week) | ||||||
| At the first visit | ||||||
| No | 18 | 23.1 | 0.004 | 28 | 18.4 | <0.001 |
| Yes | 60 | 76.9 | 124 | 81.6 | ||
| Mean; ±SD * (n1 = 59; n2 = 123) | 2.9 | ±2.9 | 2.3 | ±2.2 | ||
| At the second visit | ||||||
| No | 35 | 44.9 | 55 | 36.2 | ||
| Yes | 43 | 55.1 | 97 | 63.8 | ||
| Mean; ±SD * (n1 = 43; n2 = 93) | 2.2 | ±1.9 | 2.0 | ±1.4 | ||
| Total canned food consumption (number/week) | ||||||
| At the first visit | 0.02 | |||||
| Mean; ±SD * (n1 = 71; n2 = 142) | 4.7 | ±4.7 | 4.7 | ±3.8 | 0.04 | |
| At the second visit | ||||||
| Mean; ±SD * (n1 = 59; n2 = 119) | 2.9 | ±2.3 | 3.4 | ±2.4 | ||
| Consumption of canned drink products (/day) | ||||||
| At the first visit | ||||||
| No | 66 | 84.6 | 0.97 | 124 | 81.6 | 0.37 |
| Yes | 12 | 15.4 | 28 | 18.4 | ||
| Mean; ±SD * (n1 = 13; n2 = 28) | 1.7 | ±1.7 | 1.5 | ±1.3 | ||
| At the second visit (n1 = 77; n2 = 151) | ||||||
| No | 65 | 84.4 | 129 | 85.4 | ||
| Yes | 12 | 15.6 | 22 | 14.6 | ||
| Mean; ±SD * (n1 = 12; n2 = 22) | 1.4 | ±0.7 | 1.7 | ±1.4 | ||
| Consumption of consumption of plastic drink bottles (/week) | ||||||
| At the first visit | ||||||
| No | 45 | 57.7 | 0.52 | 79 | 52.0 | 0.68 |
| Yes | 33 | 42.3 | 73 | 48.0 | ||
| Mean; ±SD * (n1 = 33; n2 = 72) | 1.4 | ±1.1 | 1.4 | ±0.9 | ||
| At the second visit * (n1 = 78; n2 = 151) | ||||||
| No | 41 | 52.6 | 82 | 54.3 | ||
| Yes | 37 | 47.4 | 69 | 54.7 | ||
| Mean; ±SD * (n1 = 37; n2 = 68) | 1.4 | ±1.1 | 1.5 | ±1.1 | ||
| Consumption of fresh fruit and vegetables (number/day) | ||||||
| Mean; ±SD | 4.0 | ±1.5 | 0.48 | 3.8 | ±1.3 | 0.31 |
| At the second visit | ||||||
| Mean; ±SD | 4.3 | ±1.7 | 4.1 | ±1.3 | ||
| Consumption of organic fruit and vegetables | ||||||
| At the first visit | ||||||
| No | 14 | 17.9 | 0.67 | 33 | 21.7 | 0.57 |
| Yes | 64 | 82.1 | 119 | 78.3 | ||
| At the second visit | ||||||
| No | 12 | 15.4 | 29 | 19.1 | ||
| Yes | 66 | 84.6 | 123 | 80.1 | ||
| Consumption of fast-food (/month) | ||||||
| At the first visit | ||||||
| No | 38 | 48.7 | 0.63 | 70 | 46.1 | 0.08 |
| Yes | 40 | 51.3 | 82 | 53.9 | ||
| Mean; ±SD * (n1 = 40; n2 = 82) | 1.6 | ±1.0 | 1.6 | ±0.9 | ||
| At the second visit | ||||||
| No | 35 | 44.9 | 55 | 36.2 | ||
| Yes | 43 | 55.1 | 97 | 63.8 | ||
| Mean; ±SD * (n1 = 30; n2 = 73) | 1.53 | ±0.8 | 1.6 | ±1.3 | ||
| Consumption of ready-made meals (number/week) | ||||||
| At the first visit | ||||||
| No | 38 | 48.7 | <0.001 | 70 | 46.1 | <0.001 |
| Yes | 40 | 51.3 | 82 | 53.9 | ||
| Mean; ±SD * (n1 = 28; n2 = 39) | 1.5 | ±0.9 | 1.5 | ±1.2 | ||
| At the second visit | ||||||
| No * (n1 = 40; n2 = 91) | 37 | 92.5 | 82 | 90.1 | ||
| Yes | 3 | 7.5 | 9 | 9.9 | ||
| Mean; ±SD * (n1 = 21; n2 = 23) | 1.5 | ±1.4 | 1.3 | ±0.8 | ||
* Missing data; SD: standard deviation. Significant results are bolded.