Table 2.
Authors | Year | Journal | Country | Sample | Sample Size (n) | Correlation (r) | Type of Incivility | Incivility Measurement |
Employees’ Outcome |
Industry | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Rahim and Cosby | 2016 | Journal of Management Development | U.S. | Employed undergraduate Business students + Colleagues+ Supervisors | 223 | 0.15 | Coworker Incivility | WIS | Turnover Intention |
Other |
2 | Matthews and Ritter (Time 1) | 2019 | Journal of occupational health psychology | U.S. | Working adults | 625 | 0.42 | Supervisor or Coworker Incivility | WIS | Turnover Intention |
Other |
3 | (Time 2) | 0.46 | |||||||||
4 | (Time 3) | 0.44 | |||||||||
5 | Huang and Lin | 2019 | Review of Managerial Science | Taiwan | High-tech and Banking Ind. employees | 512 | 0.19 | Coworker Incivility | WIS | Turnover Intention |
Other |
6 | Read and Laschinger | 2013 | The Journal of Nursing Administration (JONA) | Canada | New graduate nurses | 342 | 0.19 | Supervisor Incivility | WIS | Job Turnover |
Healthcare Industry |
7 | 0.19 | Coworker Incivility | |||||||||
8 | Sguera et al. | 2016 | Journal of Vocational Behavior | U.S. | Nurses working in a public research hospital | 618 | 0.22 | Coworker Incivility | Modified WIS | Turnover Intention |
Healthcare Industry |
9 | Alola et al. | 2019 | Tourism Management Perspectives | Nigeria | Customer-contact employees in 4- and 5-star hotels | 328 | 0.28 | Customer Incivility | 6 items from Cho, et al. (2016) | Turnover Intention |
Hospitality Industry |
10 | Miner et al. | 2014 | Journal of Occupational Health Psychology | U.S. | Law school faculty members (Women) | 594 | 0.44 | Coworker Incivility | WIS | Turnover Intention |
Academic work environment |
11 | Law school faculty members (Men) | 640 | 0.3 | ||||||||
12 | Gabriel et al. (Study 3) | 2018 | Journal of Applied Psychology | U.S. | Junior and senior undergraduate business students (Women) | 319 | 0.17 | Coworker Incivility | WIS | Turnover Intention |
Other |
13 | Junior and senior undergraduate business students (Men) | 0.12 | |||||||||
14 | Leiter et al. | 2010 | Journal of Nursing management | Canada | Nurses | 729 | 0.36 | Supervisor Incivility | WIS | Turnover Intention |
Healthcare Industry |
15 | 0.19 | Coworker Incivility | |||||||||
16 | Chen and Wang | 2019 | International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management | Taiwan | Tourist hotel chefs | 226 | 0.306 | Supervisor and Coworker Incivility | WIS | Turnover Intention |
Hospitality Industry |
17 | Mackey et al. | 2019 | Journal of Business Ethics | U.S. | Manufacturing employees | 156 | 0.07 | Coworker incivility | Modified versionof Spector and Jex’s (1998) 4-item scale | Turnover Intention |
Other |
18 | Full-time employees | 620 | 0.09 | ||||||||
19 | Nazir and Ungku | 2016 | International Review of Management and Marketing | Pakistan | Nurses in 10 selected healthcare settings | 395 | 0.24 | Supervisor and Coworker incivility | WIS | Turnover Intention |
Healthcare Industry |
20 | Miner et al. (Study 1) | 2019a | Equality, Diversity, and Inclusion: An International Journal | U.S. | Early-career STEM faculty (Women) | 96 | 0.43 | Coworker Incivility | WIS | Turnover Intention |
Academic work environment |
21 | Early-career STEM faculty (Men) | 0.43 | |||||||||
22 | Miner et al. (Study 1) | 2019b | The Journal of psychology | U.S. | Faculty members of different departments at a large university | 742 | 0.44 | Coworker Incivility | WIS | Turnover Intention |
Academic work environment |
23 | (Study 2) | A nation-wide sample of Law School Faculty members | 1300 | 0.36 | |||||||
24 | Alola et al. | 2018 | Sustainability | Nigeria | Customer contact employees of 4- and 5-star Hotels | 329 | 0.24 | Supervisor Incivility | Five items from Cho et al. (2016) | Turnover Intention |
Hospitality Industry |
25 | Viotti et al. | 2018 | Journal of nursing management | U.S. | Nurses | 341 | 0.33 | Coworker Incivility | Four-item scale adapted bySliter et al. (2012) | Intention to Leave |
Healthcare Industry |
26 | Italy | 313 | 0.29 | ||||||||
27 | Lim et al. (Study 1) | 2008 | Journal of applied psychology | U.S. | All employees of the Federal Courts of one of the larger circuits (Men) | 325 | 0.43 | Supervisor and Coworker Incivility | WIS | Turnover Intention |
Other |
28 | All employees of the Federal Courts of one of the larger circuits (Women) | 833 | 0.37 | ||||||||
29 | (Study 2) | Employees of a midwestern municipality | 271 | 0.5 | Coworker Incivility | Expanded 12 items WIS | |||||
30 | Ghosh et al. | 2013 | Human Resource Development International | U.S. | Full-time employees from different organizations | 420 | 0.36 | Supervisor Incivility | Modified version of Reio’s (2011) based on WIS | Turnover Intention |
Other |
31 | 0.2 | Coworker Incivility | Expanded 15 items WIS | ||||||||
32 | Potipiroon and Ford | 2019 | Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology | Thailand | Employees and their supervisors at a large public agency | 401 | 0.23 | Supervisor Incivility | WIS | Turnover Intention |
Other |
33 | Cortina et al. (Study 1) | 2013 | Journal of Management | U.S. | City government municipality employees | 369 | 0.49 | Supervisor and Coworker Incivility | Expanded WIS | Turnover Intention |
Other |
34 | (Study 2) | Law enforcement agency | 653 | 0.32 | Coworker Incivility | Expanded 20 items WIS | |||||
35 | (Study 3) | Military “active-duty members of the army” | 15497 | 0.19 | 10 items from Aggressive Experiences Scale by Glomb and Liao (2003) | ||||||
36 | Miner-Rubino and Reed | 2010 | Journal of Applied Social Psychology | U.S. | Employees of a property-management company | 90 | 0.24 | Supervisor and Coworker Incivility | Modified 8 items WIS | Turnover Intention |
Other |
37 | Fida et al. | 2018 | Health care management review | Canada | Nurses | 596 | 0.19 | Coworker Incivility | The Straightforward Incivility Scale by Leiter & Day (2013) | Job Turnover |
Healthcare Industry |
38 | 0.16 | Supervisor Incivility | |||||||||
39 | Hur et al. | 2015 | Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing and Service Industries | South Korea | Retail bank frontline employees | 286 | 0.43 | Coworker Incivility | Four items adapted from Sliter, et al. (2012) | Turnover Intention |
Other |
40 | Han et al. | 2016 | International Journal of Hospitality Management | U.S. | Frontline service employees in independent Florida-based restaurants | 228 | 0.28 | Customer Incivility | 14 items adopted from Burnfield et al. (2004) | Turnover Intention |
Hospitality Industry |
41 | Kim and Lee | 2014 | Asian Women | South Korea | Women who work in sales service in clothing industry | 239 | 0.26 | Customer Incivility | Original scale developed by Wilson and Holmvall (2013) | Turnover Intention |
Other |
42 | Lim and Lee | 2011 | Journal of Occupational Health Psychology | Singapore | Full-time employees from various organizations | 180 | 0.37 | Supervisor Incivility | Modified WIS | Intent to Quit | Other |
43 | 0.27 | Coworker Incivility | |||||||||
44 | Spence Laschinger et al. | 2009 | Journal of nursing management | Canada | Nurses | 612 | 0.347 | Supervisor Incivility | WIS | Turnover Intentions |
Healthcare Industry |
45 | 0.19 | Coworker Incivility | |||||||||
46 | Reio and Trudel | 2013 | International Journal of Adult Vocational Education and Technology (IJAVET) | U.S. | Healthcare (143) + Manufacturing employees (127) | 270 | 0.49 | Supervisor and Coworker Incivility | WIS | Turnover Intention |
Other |