Table 2.
Factors associated with seropositivity for HPV-16, HPV seroprevalence study (n = 12,257, sera collected 2003–2006) (results from regression analysis)
| Crude PR (95% CI) | p-value | Fully adjusted PR (95% CI)a | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | nsb | |||
| Female | Ref | |||
| Male | 1.1 (0.8–1.4) | 0.706 | ||
| Age group (years) | ||||
| 1–3 | Ref | Ref | ||
| 4–6 | 1.5 (0.8–3.0) | 0.196 | 1.5 (0.8–3.0) | 0.198 |
| 7–9 | 1.6 (0.8–3.3) | 0.158 | 1.6 (0.8–3.2) | 0.167 |
| 10–11 | 1.6 (0.8–3.2) | 0.184 | 1.6 (0.8–3.1) | 0.195 |
| 12–13 | 1.4 (0.7–2.8) | 0.331 | 1.4 (0.7–2.8) | 0.348 |
| 14–15 | 2.0 (1.1–3.7) | 0.018 | 2.1 (1.2–3.7) | 0.015 |
| 16–17 | 3.0 (1.6–5.5) | 0.001 | 3.0 (1.6–5.6) | 0.001 |
| Region of residence | ||||
| West Germany | Ref | Ref | ||
| East Germany | 0.7 (0.5–1.0) | 0.055 | 0.7 (0.5–1.0) | 0.025 |
| Urbanity | nsb | |||
| Rural | Ref | |||
| Small city | 0.8 (0.6–1.3) | 0.423 | ||
| Medium sized city | 0.9 (0.6–1.3) | 0.499 | ||
| Large city | 0.8 (0.5–1.3) | 0.370 | ||
| Socioeconomic status of parents | nsb | |||
| Low | Ref | |||
| Middle | 0.8 (0.6–1.1) | 0.132 | ||
| High | 0.8 (0.5–1.1) | 0.134 | ||
| Migratory background of parents | nsb | |||
| None | Ref | |||
| One parent | 0.9 (0.5–1.5) | 0.596 | ||
| Both parents | 1.3 (1.0–1.9) | 0.077 | ||
| Number of household members | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) | 0.752 | nsb | |
| Number of siblings in household | 0.9 (0.8–1.1) | 0.225 | ||
| Body Mass Index (BMI) | 1.0 (1.0–1.1) | < 0.001 | nsb | |
PR prevalence ratio, CI confidence interval, Ref reference
aMutually adjusted for all other variables in the model
bns = variables were not significantly associated with HPV seroprevalence in the final model and therefore excluded