Table 2.

Historical series of relevant private health events in Brazil

Period	Event Description
1500–1822	Creation of hospital structures - Santas Casas [19]
1897	Creation of the General Directorate of Public Health [20]
1889–1930	Start of health care and social security system [20]
1933–1938	Extension of social security to most workers in urban areas [21]
1953	Creation of Ministry of Health [12]
1950–1960	Beginning of the first medical entities providing services financed by companies, with service predominantly focused on industrial workers [22]
1964	Initial development of private health companies (Decree-Law 200) [22]
1964	Expansion of hospital structures [12]
1964–1988	Crisis in the health system and social security Expansion of the health system by private means [12, 23]
1988	Decentralization of the Health System [24]
1990	Creation of the Unified Health System (Law 8080 and 8142) [4]
1996	Creation of the Provisional Contribution on Financial Transactions [24]
1998	Regulation of private health plans [24]
1999	Creation of the National Health Surveillance Agency [24]
1999	Beginning of private equity practice in private health companies [25]
2000	Creation of the National Agency for Supplementary Health (Law 9961) [24]
2000	Definition of health financing responsibilities - Constitutional Amendment 29 [24]
2001	Psychiatric Reform Law [24]
2004	Start of capital opening of Brazilian health companies [25]
2006	Pact for Health [24]
2006	Creation of the National Primary Care Policy and the National Health Promotion Policy [24]
2008	Creation of 24-h Emergency Care Units [24]
2011	Creation of Private Plan Operators Program - ANS Resolution 277 [16]
2019	Minimum Governance Practices - ANS Resolution 443 [16]