Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the CAPTURE study population stratified by CVD status in Brazil
| Characteristic | Study population N = 912 |
By CVD status | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVD n = 400 |
Non-CVD n = 512 |
|||||
| n | Data | n | Data | n | Data | |
| Female | 912 | 538 (59.0) | 400 | 190 (47.5) | 512 | 348 (68.0) |
| Age, years [IQR] | 912 | 64.0 [57.0; 71.0] | 400 | 67.0 [61.0; 72.0] | 512 | 62.0 [55.0; 69.0] |
| Race | 912 | 400 | 512 | |||
| White | 610 (66.9) | 275 (68.8) | 335 (65.4) | |||
| Asian | 19 (2.1) | 12 (3.0) | 7 (1.4) | |||
| Black or African American | 114 (12.5) | 59 (14.8) | 55 (10.7) | |||
| Other | 169 (18.5) | 54 (13.5) | 115 (22.5) | |||
| Diabetes duration, years [IQR] | 912 | 11.0 [6.0; 19.0] | 400 | 13.2 [7.2; 21.0] | 512 | 10.0 [5.5; 17.0] |
| HbA1c, % [IQR] | 776 | 7.7 [6.7; 9.1] | 323 | 7.8 [6.8; 9.1] | 453 | 7.6 [6.6; 9.1] |
| HbA1c, mmol/mol [IQR] | 776 | 60.7 [49.7; 76.0] | 323 | 61.8 [50.8; 76.0] | 453 | 59.6 [48.6; 76.0] |
| HbA1c | 776 | 323 | 453 | |||
| < 7% | 250 (32.2) | 91 (28.2) | 159 (35.1) | |||
| 7–9% | 318 (41.0) | 148 (45.8) | 170 (37.5) | |||
| ≥ 9% | 208 (26.8) | 84 (26.0) | 124 (27.4) | |||
| FPG, mmol/L [IQR] | 764 | 7.7 [6.2; 10.1] | 310 | 8.0 [6.0; 10.2] | 454 | 7.6 [6.2; 9.9] |
| BMI, kg/m2 [IQR] | 907 | 29.5 [26.4; 33.5] | 400 | 29.8 [26.7; 33.4] | 507 | 29.4 [26.2; 33.7] |
| Obesity | 907 | 400 | 507 | |||
| Without obesity | 486 (53.6) | 206 (51.6) | 280 (55.2) | |||
| With obesity | 421 (46.4) | 194 (48.8) | 227 (44.7) | |||
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg [IQR] | 912 | 130.0 [120.0; 147.0] | 400 | 130.0 [120.0; 147.5] | 512 | 130.0 [120; 145.5] |
| LDL cholesterol, mmol/L[IQR] | 692 | 2.3 [1.8; 3.0] | 283 | 2.1 [1.6; 2.7] | 409 | 2.5 [1.9; 3.2] |
| HDL cholesterol, mmol/L [IQR] | 731 | 1.1 [0.9; 1.4] | 304 | 1.1 [0.9; 1.3] | 427 | 1.2 [1.0; 1.5] |
| Triglyceride, mmol/L [IQR] | 737 | 1.8 [1.2; 2.5] | 305 | 1.8 [1.3; 2.6] | 432 | 1.8 [1.2; 2.5] |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 674 | 281 | 393 | |||
| > 89 | 166 (24.6) | 46 (16.4) | 120 (30.5) | |||
| > 59–89 | 269 (39.9) | 110 (39.1) | 159 (40.5) | |||
| > 29–59 | 193 (28.6) | 99 (35.2) | 94 (23.9) | |||
| ≤ 29 | 46 (6.8) | 26 (9.3) | 20 (5.1) | |||
| Albuminuria | 412 | 174 | 238 | |||
| Normal–mildly increased | 243 (59.0) | 88 (50.6) | 155 (65.1) | |||
| Microalbuminuria | 126 (30.6) | 70 (40.2) | 56 (23.5) | |||
| Macroalbuminuria | 43 (10.4) | 16 (9.2) | 27 (11.3) | |||
| Medical history of hypertension, yes | 909 | 735 (80.9) | 399 | 355 (89.0) | 510 | 380 (74.5) |
| Familial hypercholesterolemia, yes | 742 | 118 (15.9) | 342 | 59 (17.3) | 400 | 59 (14.8) |
| Retinopathy | 912 | 400 | 512 | |||
| Yes | 143 (15.7) | 85 (21.3) | 58 (11.3) | |||
| Yes (referred by participant) | 50 (5.5) | 26 (6.5) | 24 (4.7) | |||
| No | 719 (78.8) | 289 (72.3) | 430 (84.0) | |||
| Nephropathy | 912 | 400 | 512 | |||
| Yes | 260 (28.5) | 138 (34.5) | 122 (23.8) | |||
| Yes (referred by participant) | 25 (2.7) | 14 (3.5) | 11 (2.1) | |||
| No | 627 (68.8) | 248 (62.0) | 379 (74.0) | |||
| Neuropathy | 912 | 400 | 512 | |||
| Yes | 151 (16.6) | 75 (18.8) | 76 (14.8) | |||
| Yes (referred by participant) | 49 (5.4) | 24 (6.0) | 25 (4.9) | |||
| No | 712 (78.1) | 301 (75.3) | 411 (80.3) | |||
| Smoking status | 907 | 399 | 508 | |||
| Current | 53 (5.8) | 27 (6.8) | 26 (5.1) | |||
| Previous | 270 (29.8) | 158 (39.6) | 112 (22.0) | |||
| Never | 584 (64.4) | 214 (53.6) | 370 (72.8) | |||
| Duration of smoking,† years | 321 | 29.0 (0.0; 63.0) | 184 | 30.0 (0.0; 63.0) | 137 | 20.0 (1.0; 60.0) |
| Physical activity,‡ days per week | 839 | 361 | 478 | |||
| 0–1 | 515 (61.4) | 251 (69.5) | 264 (55.2) | |||
| 2–3 | 192 (22.9) | 58 (16.1) | 134 (28.0) | |||
| 4–5 | 94 (11.2) | 38 (10.5) | 56 (11.7) | |||
| 6–7 | 38 (4.5) | 14 (3.9) | 24 (5.0) | |||
Data are n (%) or median [IQR]
BMI: body mass index; CVD: cardiovascular disease; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; IQR: interquartile range; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; N: number of patients in the overall Brazil sample; n: number of patients in each subgroup within the Brazil sample
†Only applies to participants categorized as current or previous smokers
‡Days with ≥ 30 min of moderate activity