Table 1. Age-related hearing loss prevalent cases and burden in 1990 and 2019 and the temporal trends from 1990 to 2019.
| Characteristics | 1990 | 2019 | EAPC (1990–2019) | |||||||
| Prevalent cases | DALYs | Prevalent cases | DALYs | ASPR | ASDR | |||||
| ASPR | ASDR | ASPR | ASDR | |||||||
|
No. × 106
(95% UI) |
No. × 10−2
(95% UI) |
No. × 106
(95% UI) |
No. × 10−3
(95% UI) |
No. × 106
(95% UI) |
No. × 10−2
(95% UI) |
No. × 106
(95% UI) |
No. × 10−3
(95% UI) |
No.
(95% CI) |
No.
(95% CI) |
|
| Global | 751.50 (716.45, 787.33) |
17.33 (16.58, 18.10) |
22.01 (14.91, 31.34) |
5.09 (3.47, 7.25) |
1456.66 (1395.61, 1519.30) |
17.76 (17.01, 18.52) |
40.24 (27.39, 57.13) |
4.99 (3.40, 7.10) |
0.08 (0.07, 0.10)* |
−0.07 (−0.09,-0.05) |
| Sex | ||||||||||
| Males | 386.11 (367.62, 405.17) |
18.49 (17.68, 19.33) |
11.11 (7.44, 15.88) |
5.40 (3.67, 7.70) |
742.04 (711.33, 774.94) |
18.74 (17.98, 19.56) |
20.17 (13.71, 28.75) |
5.24 (3.57, 7.46) |
0.05 (0.04, 0.06)* |
−0.10 (−0.12, −0.08) |
| Females | 365.39 (348.73, 381.94) |
16.24 (15.53, 16.95) |
10.90 (7.47, 15.46) |
4.80 (3.29, 6.82) |
714.62 (685.19, 745.32) |
16.81 (16.11, 17.52) |
20.07 (13.64, 28.40) |
4.76 (3.24, 6.76) |
0.12 (0.11,0.13)* |
−0.05 (−0.07, −0.03) |
| Severity | ||||||||||
| Mild hearing loss | 553.35 (523.49, 583.60) |
12.48 (11.83, 13.10) |
5.25 (2.34, 10.09) |
0.12 (0.05, .23) |
1083.06 (1029.88, 1136.29) |
13.09 (12.44, 13.74) |
10.28 (4.57, 19.82) |
0.12 (0.06, 0.24) |
0.18 (0.17, 0.19)* |
0.18 (0.17, 0.19)* |
| Moderate hearing loss | 126.66 (109.55, 144.62) |
3.14 (2.75, 3.56) |
3.32 (1.90, 5.36) |
0.08 (0.05, 0.13) |
245.98 (214.76, 278.22) |
3.05 (2.67, 3.44) |
6.45 (3.70, 10.47) |
0.08 (0.05, 0.13) |
-0.17 (-0.21,-0.13) |
−0.17 (−0.21, −0.12) |
| Moderately severe hearing loss | 43.24 (35.89, 51.86) |
1.09 (0.92, 1.31) |
3.91 (2.53, 5.73) |
0.10 (0.06, 0.14) |
82.75 (69.07, 99.54) |
1.05 (0.88, 1.25) |
7.47 (4.86, 10.89) |
0.09 (0.06, 0.14) |
-0.11 (-0.14,-0.09) |
−0.11 (−0.13, −0.08) |
| Severe hearing loss | 9.86 (7.24, 12.73) |
0.23 (0.18, 0.30) |
1.52 (0.90, 2.31) |
0.04 (0.02, 0.05) |
17.43 (13.40, 22.10) |
0.22 (0.17, 0.28) |
2.69 (1.62, 4.02) |
0.03 (0.02, 0.05) |
−0.18 (−0.22, −0.13) |
−0.17 (−0.21, −0.13) |
| Profound hearing loss | 10.52 (7.97, 13.57) |
0.21 (0.17, 0.27) |
2.11 (1.29,3.22) |
0.04 (0.03, 0.06) |
15.89 (12.36,20.10) |
0.20 (0.16, 0.26) |
3.18 (2.00, 4.73) |
0.04 (0.03, 0.06) |
−0.20 (−0.23, −0.17) |
−0.19 (−0.22, −0.17) |
| Complete hearing loss | 7.87 (5.88, 10.03) |
0.17 (0.13, 0.22) |
1.66 (0.99, 2.52) |
0.04 (0.02, 0.05) |
11.54 (9.05, 14.35) |
0.15 (0.12, 0.18) |
2.42 (1.52, 3.65) |
0.03 (0.02, 0.05) |
−0.59 (−0.62, −0.56) |
−0.59 (−0.62, −0.56) |
| SDI region | ||||||||||
| High | 128.53 (121.99, 135.28) |
12.90 (12.27, 13.56) |
3.69 (2.52, 5.26) |
3.70 (2.52, 5.28) |
212.17 (201.03, 223.56) |
12.99 (12.35, 13.64) |
6.09 (4.14, 8.64) |
3.60 (2.45, 5.16) |
0.01 (0.00,0.02)* |
−0.07 (−0.08, −0.06) |
| High-middle | 190.15 (181.89, 198.78) |
17.18 (16.44, 17.94) |
5.29 (3.58, 7.55) |
4.90 (3.32, 6.99) |
338.17 (324.11, 352.67) |
17.70 (16.97, 18.45) |
8.93 (6.04,12.80) |
4.78 (3.26, 6.80) |
0.12 (0.10, 0.13)* |
−0.08 (−0.11, −0.06) |
| Middle | 239.59 (228.42,251.13) |
19.45 (18.63, 20.27) |
6.97 (4.68, 9.94) |
5.69 (3.90, 8.09) |
498.57 (478.56, 519.76) |
19.37 (18.60, 20.15) |
13.23 (8.95, 18.86) |
5.36 (3.67, 7.62) |
0.00 (−0.02, 0.01) |
−0.21 (−0.23, −0.18) |
| Low-middle | 138.84 (131.59, 146.73) |
19.05 (18.22, 19.92) |
4.25 (2.86, 6.02) |
5.74 (3.96, 8.13) |
287.32 (274.41, 300.34) |
18.98 (18.21, 19.82) |
8.15 (5.54, 11.62) |
5.47 (3.74, 7.74) |
−0.02 (−0.03, 0.00) |
−0.21 (−0.24,-0.18) |
| Low | 53.98 (50.78, 57.46) |
17.69 (16.91, 18.51) |
1.80 (1.21, 2.53) |
5.62 (3.86, 7.93) |
119.65 (112.82, 127.05) |
17.53 (16.80, 18.30) |
3.82 (2.58, 5.40) |
5.37 (3.71, 7.59) |
−0.03 (−0.04, −0.02) |
−0.18 (−0.21, −0.16) |