Table 2.
Echocardiographic Characteristics of Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
| Variables | Total (n=150) | Group 1 (CFVR > 2) (n=87) | Group 2 (CFVR ≤ 2) (n=63) |
P value Group 1 vs. Group 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LV end‐diastolic dimension, mm | 46.1±5.0 | 46.4±5.0 | 45.7±4.9 | 0.438 |
| LV end‐systolic dimension, mm | 27.4±5.1 | 27.3±4.5 | 27.5±5.8 | 0.826 |
| IVS thickness, mm | 19.4±4.8 | 18.5±4.2 | 20.5±5.3 | 0.013 |
| PW thickness, mm | 10.5±2.7 | 9.9±2.0 | 11.3±3.2 | 0.002 |
| IVS/PW ratio | 1.96±0.58 | 1.97±0.5 | 1.93±0.64 | 0.664 |
| Maximal wall thickness, mm | 21.1±4.8 | 20.2±4.3 | 22.6±5.2 | 0.004 |
| LV wall thickness ≥ 30 mm, no. (%) | 9 (6) | 4 (4.6) | 5 (7.9) | 0.493 |
| LV ejection fraction, % | 68±7.7 | 69.6±8.0 | 69.4±8.9 | 0.839 |
| LVOTG at rest ≥ 30 mm Hg, no. (%) | 41 (27.3) | 21 (24.1) | 20 (31.7) | 0.302 |
| Maximal induced LVOTG – median (IQR), mm Hg | 11 (7–54) | 10 (7–48) | 12 (7–68) | 0.090 |
| Maximal induced LVOTG ≥ 50 mm Hg, no. (%) | 42 (28%) | 21 (24.1) | 21 (33.3) | 0.216 |
| Left atrial dimension, mm | 43±6.4 | 41.5±6.2 | 44.5±6.2 | 0.004 |
| LAVI, ml/m2 | 38±15 | 35.3±12.8 | 42.0±16.8 | 0.009 |
| LAVI > 34 ml/m2, no. (%) | 79 (52.7) | 38 (43.7) | 41 (65.1) | 0.010 |
| Systolic anterior motion, no. (%) | 65 (43.3) | 35 (40.2) | 30 (47.6) | 0.367 |
| Mitral regurgitation, no. (%) | 0.056 | |||
| Mild | 101 (67.3) | 64 (73.6) | 37 (58.7) | |
| Moderate | 49 (32.7) | 23 (26.4) | 26 (41.3) | |
| RVSP, mm Hg | 33.6±8.1 | 32±6.6 | 35±9.3 | 0.025 |
| PH, no. (%) | 38 (25.3) | 18 (20.7) | 20 (31.7) | 0.124 |
| Baseline diastolic flow velocity (m/sec) – LAD | 0.36±0.10 | 0.33±0.07 | 0.41±0.11 | <0.001 |
| Hyperemic diastolic flow velocity (m/sec) – LAD | 0.75±0.19 | 0.79±0.18 | 0.69±0.19 | 0.002 |
| CFVR LAD | 2.13±0.44 | 2.42±0.30 | 1.73±0.23 | <0.001 |
| Baseline diastolic flow velocity (m/sec) – PD | 0.33±0.07 | 0.32±0.06 | 0.36±0.08 | 0.001 |
| Hyperemic diastolic flow velocity (m/sec) – PD | 0.74±0.16 | 0.77±0.14 | 0.70±0.17 | 0.008 |
| CFVR PD | 2.28±0.42 | 2.48±0.32 | 2.00±0.38 | <0.001 |
| E wave, m/s | 0.73±0.22 | 0.73±0.19 | 0.74±0.25 | 0.750 |
| A wave, m/s | 0.67±0.26 | 0.63±0.23 | 0.72±0.29 | 0.049 |
| E/A | 1.26±0.69 | 1.31±0.71 | 1.19±0.65 | 0.271 |
| E deceleration time, m/sec | 219±68 | 217±62 | 222±75 | 0.634 |
| Mitral lateral annular e’, m/s | 0.103±0.033 | 0.111±0.031 | 0.092±0.033 | 0.001 |
| Mitral lateral annular a’, m/s | 0.115±0.038 | 0.117±0.037 | 0.111±0.040 | 0.383 |
| Mitral lateral annular s, m/s | 0.094±0.030 | 0.094±0.028 | 0.094±0.031 | 0.927 |
| E/e’ | 7.71±3.11 | 7.05±2.79 | 8.62±3.32 | 0.003 |
Plus–minus values are means ±SD; CFVR indicates coronary flow velocity reserve; IQR, inter quartile range; IVS, interventricular septum; LV, left ventricular; LAVI, Left atrial volume indexed for body surface area; LVOTG, left ventricular outflow tract gradient; LAD, left anterior descending artery; PD, posterior descending coronary artery; PH, Pulmonary hypertension; PW, posterior wall; and RVSP, Right ventricular systolic pressure.