Table 2.

Changes in Parameters by Dapagliflozin in Each Group

	Non‐HF	HF	P value
ΔSBP, mm Hg	1.75±5.34	−8.30±5.05	0.193
ΔDBP, mm Hg	1.63±4.44	−2.60±2.91	0.422
ΔHeart rate, /min	−1.63±2.88	−4.60±1.24*	0.322
ΔBody mass index, kg/m2	−0.87±0.22*	−0.02±0.20	0.014
Blood test
ΔHbA1c, %	−0.56±0.19*	−0.17±0.14	0.113
ΔFBG, mg/dL	−11.5±7.34	−23.9±14.8	0.474
ΔHOMA‐IR	0.04±0.37	0.22±0.09	0.668
ΔInsulin, μU/mL	−1.83±1.71	0.53±0.37	0.235
ΔLDL, mg/dL	−10.2±6.21	−1.13±5.59	0.300
ΔBNP, pg/mL	4.5±3.67	−47.7±20.7*	0.033
ΔeGFR, mL/min per 1.73 m2	−1.47±2.66	−2.75±2.97	0.753
UCG
ΔEF, %	0.67±2.83	2.00±2.88	0.753
ΔLAD, mm	−3.28±1.94	−1.65±1.38	0.496
ΔLVDd, mm	−3.50±2.62	0.13±1.46	0.221
ΔLVDs, mm	−2.5±1.88	0.00±1.18	0.259
ΔE/e′	−1.15±1.16	0.68±0.89	0.227
Sympathetic nerve activity
ΔBF, bursts/min	−4.95±3.10	−15.2±2.73*	0.025
ΔBI (bursts/100 heartbeats)	−9.38±3.65*	−20.2±3.46*	0.049
ΔCBRS, ms/mm Hg	2.18±1.72	1.44±2.33	0.806
ΔSBRS (bursts·100 heartbeats−1 mm Hg−1)	0.27±0.35	−2.58±2.42	0.295

Paired‐t test was performed to compare within group differences in each parameter between before and 12 weeks after treatment. Unpaired‐t test was performed to compare differences in each parameter change between groups. Welch t test was applied if the variance was heteroscedastic. BF indicates burst frequency; BI, burst incidence; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; CBRS, cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; EF, ejection fraction; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; FBG, fasting blood glucose; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; HOMA‐IR, homeostasis assessment of insulin resistance; LAD, left atrial dimension; LDL, low‐density lipoprotein; LVDd, left ventricular end diastolic diameter; LVDs, left ventricular end systolic diameter; P value, P value between non‐CHF group and CHF group; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SBRS, sympathetic baroreflex sensitivity; and UCG, ultrasound cardiography.

P<0.05 compared with the baseline of the same group.