Table 2.
Characteristics Among Patients With ToF Among Those With vs Without IE at Admission for IE and a Corresponding Date, Respectively
| Patients with IE (n=41) | Patients without IE (n=1123) | |
|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||
| Age, y, median (IQR) | 11.6 (2.8–20.9) | 14.5 (3.4–24.8) |
| Male, n (%) | 26 (63.4) | 630 (56.1) |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | ||
| Ischemic heart disease | 4 (9.8) | 22 (2.0) |
| Chronic heart failure | 8 (19.5) | 105 (9.4) |
| Arrhythmia | 4 (9.8) | 56 (5.0) |
| Stroke and transient ischemic attack | <4 (<9.8) | 13 (1.2) |
| Coagulopathy | <4 (<9.8) | 14 (1.3) |
| Bleeding | <4 (<9.8) | 40 (3.6) |
| Chronic renal failure | <4 (<9.8) | 24 (2.1) |
| Septic and cardiogenic shock | 12 (29.3) | 69 (6.1) |
| Hypertension | <4 (<9.8) | 12 (1.1 |
| Mitral, aortic, or tricuspid valve surgery | <4 (<9.8) | <4 (<0.3) |
| Cardiac implantable electronic devices | <4 (<9.8) | <4 (<0.3) |
| Malformations, n (%) | ||
| Eyes, eyelid, the lacrimal apparatus, or the orbit | <4 (<9.8) | 34 (3.0) |
| Ears | <4 (<9.8) | 36 (3.2) |
| Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, or lungs | <4 (<9.8) | 28 (2.5) |
| Palate, tongue, or lips | <4 (<9.8) | 66 (5.9) |
| Digestion system | 4 (9.8) | 56 (5.0) |
| Reproductive system | <4 (<9.8) | 25 (2.2) |
| Urinary system | <4 (<9.8) | 40 (3.6) |
| Extremities | <4 (<9.8) | 100 (8.9) |
| Congenital syndromes | 5 (12.2) | 182 (16.2) |
| DiGeorge syndrome | <4 (<9.8) | 40 (3.6) |
| Heart chambers | 7 (17.1) | 140 (12.5) |
| Atrial septal defect | 8 (19.5) | 191 (17.0) |
| Pulmonary or tricuspid valve | 16 (39.0) | 261 (23.2) |
| Aortic or mitral valve | 5 (12.2) | 73 (6.5) |
| The great arteries | 17 (41.5) | 228 (20.3) |
| Persisting ductus arteriosus | 7 (17.1) | 81 (7.2) |
| Coarctatio aortae | <4 (<9.8) | 24 (2.1) |
| The great veins | <4 (<9.8) | 21 (1.9) |
| The peripheral circulation | <4 (<9.8) | 19 (1.7) |
IE indicates infective endocarditis; and ToF, tetralogy of Fallot.