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. 2022 Jan 11;14(1):e21127. doi: 10.7759/cureus.21127

Figure 3. Relationship between chronic kidney disease (CKD), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and microbiota-derived uremic toxins.

Figure 3

Image courtesy: Cupisti A, Piccoli GB, Gallieni M. Charcoal for the management of pruritus and uremic toxins in patients with chronic kidney disease. Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension. 2020 Jan 1;29(1):71-9 [53]