Table 1.

Results of convergent validity.

Construct	Sub-dimensions	Items	Standardized factor loading (>0.7)	Composite reliability (>0.7)	AVE (>0.5)
Discomfort issues	Physical discomfort	PHD1	0.75	0.89	0.61
		PHD2	0.79
		PHD3	0.77
		PHD4	0.80
		PHD5	0.82
	Communication discomfort	COMD1	0.79	0.90	0.66
		COMD2	0.78
		COMD3	0.81
		COMD4	0.85
		COMD5	0.83
External factors	Overstated news about coronavirus threat	OVS1	0.87	0.93	0.73
		OVS2	0.89
		OVS3	0.87
		OVS4	0.83
		OVS5	0.83
	Political beliefs	POL1	0.88	0.91	0.73
		POL2	0.80
		POL3	0.88
		POL4	0.86
	Absence of mask-wearing culture	CUL1	0.79	0.91	0.64
		CUL2	0.80
		CUL3	0.78
		CUL4	0.84
		CUL5	0.80
		CUL6	0.82
Usability issues	Lack of effectiveness	LEF1	0.86	0.91	0.69
		LEF2	0.82
		LEF3	0.84
		LEF4	0.82
		LEF5	0.82
	Unnecessariness of masks in certain cases	UNN1	0.83	0.91	0.68
		UNN2	0.83
		UNN3	0.81
		UNN4	0.86
		UNN5	0.82
	Mask maintenance issues	MAIN1	0.83	0.94	0.72
		MAIN2	0.84
		MAIN3	0.83
		MAIN4	0.85
		MAIN5	0.89
		MAIN6	0.87
Attitude toward mask-wearing	N/A	ATT1	0.84	0.91	0.67
		ATT2	0.82
		ATT3	0.81
		ATT4	0.82
		ATT5	0.83
Continuance intention to wear masks	N/A	COIN1	0.83	0.91	0.67
		COIN2	0.79
		COIN3	0.84
		COIN4	0.82
		COIN5	0.84