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. 2022 Jan 4;2022:6666791. doi: 10.1155/2022/6666791

Table 7.

Univariate and multivariate analysis for risk factors for ECVs in patients without previous endoscopic variceal therapy.

Variables No. Ptsa Univariate analysis Multivariate analysis
Odds ratio 95% CI p value Odds ratio 95% CI p value
Age (years) 101 0.979 0.941–1.018 0.291      
Sex (male) 101 1.538 0.646–3.661 0.330      
Etiology of liver diseases
Hepatitis B virus infection 101 0.981 0.434–2.218 0.964      
Hepatitis C virus infection 101 0.640 0.145–2.834 0.557      
Alcohol abuse 101 1.014 0.462–2.230 0.971      
Drug related 101 1.920 0.582–6.334 0.284      
Autoimmune liver diseases 101 1.700 0.272–10.635 0.571      
Clinical presentations at admission
Hepatic encephalopathy 101 0.543 0.048–6.181 0.622      
Gastrointestinal bleeding 101 1.304 0.595–2.858 0.507      
Ascites 101 2.014 0.908–4.465 0.085 1.488 0.628–3.527 0.367
History
History of gastrointestinal bleeding 101 1.268 0.551–2.917 0.576      
NSBBs within 1 month before admission 71 NA NA 1.000      
Laboratory data
Red blood cell (1012/L) 101 1.042 0.712–1.526 0.832      
Hemoglobin (g/L) 101 0.99 0.978–1.003 0.119      
White blood cell (109/L) 101 0.911 0.805–1.031 0.141      
Platelet (109/L) 101 0.994 0.987–1.000 0.054 0.995 0.990–1.001 0.092
Total bilirubin (µmol/L) 101 1.001 0.991–1.012 0.781      
Albumin (g/L) 101 0.990 0.932–1.051 0.737      
Alanine aminotransferase (U/L) 101 0.992 0.979–1.005 0.219      
Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L) 101 0.995 0.985–1.005 0.292      
Alkaline phosphatase (U/L) 101 0.999 0.996–1.003 0.756      
γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase (U/L) 101 1.000 0.999–1.001 0.991      
Blood urea nitrogen (mmol/L) 101 0.891 0.750–1.059 0.191      
Creatinine (µmol/L) 101 1.002 0.983–1.021 0.839      
Potassium (mmol/L) 101 1.505 0.635–3.564 0.353      
Sodium (mmol/L) 101 0.994 0.892–1.107 0.912      
Prothrombin time (seconds) 101 1.102 0.963–1.262 0.158      
Activated partial thromboplastin time (seconds) 101 1.054 0.986–1.127 0.121      
International normalized ratio 101 2.543 0.705–9.174 0.154      
Child-Pugh score 101 1.080 0.887–1.315 0.444      
MELD score 101 1.048 0.969–1.134 0.243      
EVs on endoscopy 101 13.939 3.046–63.783 0.001      
EVNTs on endoscopy 100b 4.066 1.646–10.044 0.002 3.714 1.469–9.391 0.006

Notes: aECVs could not be evaluated because the venous vessels were not obviously enhanced in 1 patient;bEVNTs could not be evaluated due to the absence of detailed grade of EVs in their endoscopic reports. CI, confidence interval; NSBBs, nonselective beta-blockers; MELD, model for end stage of liver disease; EVs, esophageal varices; ECVs, esophageal collateral veins.